Effect of Terracing on Soil Moisture of Slope Farmland in Northeast China’s Black Soil Region

The impact of terracing construction on the soil moisture content of slope farmland was analyzed at three sites in northeast China’s black soil region, across a range of latitudes and hydrological, temperature and soil quality conditions. At each research site, slope farmland with terracing was compared to unterraced slope farmland with a similar shape and gradient. During the wet crop growth period (July) and dry postharvest period (October) of 2022, the TRIME-PICO64TDR soil moisture measuring instrument was used to measure the soil moisture content at depths of 0–60 cm. Terracing increased soil moisture content by up to 2.83 percentage points during the crop growth period and by up to 1.69 percentage points during the postharvest period. Terracing had a significant impact on the volumetric soil moisture content of the shallower soil layer (0–30 cm) during the growing period, and on the volumetric soil moisture content of the deeper soil layer (30–60 cm) during the postharvest period. Terracing weakens the effect of slope position on volumetric soil moisture, reducing differences in volumetric soil moisture content among different slope positions. The difference in the water conservation benefit of terracing among the sites is mainly related to soil quality: the lower the soil bulk density and the higher the silt clay content is, the greater the benefit of terracing for retaining moisture. The findings of this study can be beneficial for guiding management measures for slope arable soil in black soil regions around the world.