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Assessing Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Compounds in Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum )

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  • Khanh-Van Ho

    (Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Department of Food Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam)

  • Novianus Efrat

    (Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Kathy L. Schreiber

    (Cell and Immunobiology Core, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Phuc H. Vo

    (Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Marco N. De Canha

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Analike Blom van Staden

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Bianca D. Payne

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Carel B. Oosthuizen

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Danielle Twilley

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Zhentian Lei

    (Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Lloyd W. Sumner

    (Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Charles R. Brown

    (Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Namrita Lall

    (Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
    College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India)

  • Chung-Ho Lin

    (Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

Abstract

Switchgrass is a bioenergy feedstock that potentially possesses multiple health benefits. However, the biological properties and associated bioactive compounds of switchgrass have not been adequately investigated. In the current study, we assessed the anti-inflammatory properties of switchgrass. Results from in vitro bioassays indicated that the methanolic extracts of switchgrass contained compounds exerting inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) induced in the U-937 model system. The extracts derived from four switchgrass cultivars (Alamo, Kanlow, Liberty, and Show Me) inhibited the secretion of all inflammatory mediators examined, with the only exception of the Liberty extract, which showed no significant effect on IL-10 expression. The degree of cytokine inhibition was variable, depending on the particular cultivar, the concentrations tested, and the cytokines examined. A global metabolomics approach was utilized to putatively identify possible molecules with known anti-inflammatory capacities in different switchgrass cultivars using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The content of multiple bioactive anti-inflammatory compounds in switchgrass was determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) analyses. Our results suggest that switchgrass, particularly the Alamo and Kanlow cultivars, may represent a promising natural anti-inflammatory source for the cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.

Suggested Citation

  • Khanh-Van Ho & Novianus Efrat & Kathy L. Schreiber & Phuc H. Vo & Marco N. De Canha & Analike Blom van Staden & Bianca D. Payne & Carel B. Oosthuizen & Danielle Twilley & Zhentian Lei & Lloyd W. Sumne, 2022. "Assessing Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Compounds in Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum )," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:936-:d:850543
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Larnaudie, Valeria & Ferrari, Mario Daniel & Lareo, Claudia, 2022. "Switchgrass as an alternative biomass for ethanol production in a biorefinery: Perspectives on technology, economics and environmental sustainability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
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