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The impacts of sector growth and monetary policy on income inequality in developing countries

Author

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  • Sima Siami-Namini
  • Darren Hudson

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of growth in different sectors of the economy of developing countries on income inequality and analyze how inflation, as a proxy for monetary policy, makes a proportionate contribution for setting a binding national target for reducing income inequality. The paper examines the existence of a linear or nonlinear effect of inflation and sectoral economic growth on income inequality using a balanced panel data of 92 developing countries for the period of 1990–2014. Design/methodology/approach - Methods section includes several steps as below: first, the functional form of the model using panel data for investigating the contribution of economic sectors in income inequality; second, to estimate the relationship between income inequality and sector growth: testing the Kuznets hypothesis; third, to estimate the relationship between inflation and income inequality base on general functional form of the model proposed by Amornthum (2004); fourth, a panel Granger causality analysis based on a VECM approach. Findings - The statistically significant finding shows that first agricultural growth and then industrial growth have a dominate impact in reducing income inequality in our sample. But, the service sector growth has positive effects. The results confirm the existence of Kuznets inverted “U” hypothesis for industry growth and Kuznets “U” hypothesis for service sector growth. The findings show that sector growth and inflation affect income inequality in the long-run. Originality/value - This research is an original paper which analyzes the effect of growth in different sectors of the economy of developing countries (agriculture, manufacturing and services sectors) on income inequality and test the Kuznets hypothesis in terms of sector growth and at the same time, examine the existence of a linear/nonlinear effect of inflation and sectoral economic growth on income inequality and test Granger causality relationship between income inequality and sector growth and inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Sima Siami-Namini & Darren Hudson, 2019. "The impacts of sector growth and monetary policy on income inequality in developing countries," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 46(3), pages 591-610, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jespps:jes-08-2017-0243
    DOI: 10.1108/JES-08-2017-0243
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sima Siami-Namini, 2019. "Agriculture and Non-Agriculture Growth, Inflation and Income Inequality in Developed and Developing Countries," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(11), pages 43-51, November.
    2. Sima Siami‐Namini & Conrad Lyford & A. Alexandre Trindade, 2020. "The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Income Inequality Across U.S. States," Economic Papers, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 39(3), pages 204-221, September.
    3. Sima Siami-Namini, 2019. "Agriculture and Non-Agriculture Growth, Inflation and Income Inequality in Developed and Developing Countries," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(11), pages 1-43, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Monetary policy; Income inequality; Kuznets hypothesis; Panel data approach; B22; C22; C23; E52; O11; O23; Q02;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B22 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Macroeconomics
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O23 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development
    • Q02 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Commodity Market

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