IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/elt/journl/v85y2018i340p887-923.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Política hacendaria en México de 2013 a 2017. Una primera aproximación al sexenio

Author

Listed:
  • Cárdenas Sánchez, Enrique

    (Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla)

Abstract

This paper presents a preliminary assessment of the various impacts of the fiscal reform undertaken by President Enrique Peña Nieto. First, the weaknesses and vulnerabilities of the fiscal structure that the new administration had to face are shown, in particular the dependence on oil revenues. The need for a fiscal reform that increased income, diminish fiscal evasion and labour informality was evident. In the second part of the paper the actual reform measures are discussed, as well as its various measurable impacts. It is particularly relevant the unexpected oil price drop and the government response to maintain gasoline prices and thus prevent fiscal revenues from declining, as well as the government’s repeated forecasting mistakes. Finally, it is concluded that in spite of being insufficient, Peña Nieto’s fiscal reform was successful in increasing the fiscal burden from 8.4% of GDP in 2012 to 13.1% in 2017. However, such increase in revenues was not enough to prevent the rise of the public debt in almost 10 percentage points of GDP, in spite of the fact that the government took the operational surpluses of Banco de México.// En este trabajo se presenta un análisis preliminar del impacto de la reforma fiscal llevada a cabo al inicio del gobierno de Enrique Peña Nieto. En primer lugar se exponen las debilidades de la hacienda pública a las que se enfrentaba el nuevo gobierno, relacionadas con los ingresos —que dependían fuertemente de los recursos petroleros— y con los gastos. Debido a esas debilidades era indispensable una reforma fiscal que elevara las tasas impositivas, disminuyera la evasión y promoviera la formalización, entre otras medidas. En segundo lugar se describen los elementos centrales de la reforma presidencial y se revisan sus impactos en diversas variables. Son de especial relevancia la caída del precio del petróleo y la decisión del gobierno de mantener fijo el precio final de las gasolinas para evitar que disminuyeran sus ingresos, así como las repetidas fallas de los pronósticos de la economía que realizó. Se concluye que, aunque es insuficiente aún, la reforma fue exitosa en cuanto al aumento de la carga fiscal, el más elevado en un periodo tan corto, pues pasó de 8.4% del PIB en 2012 a 13.1% en 2017. No obstante, la reforma no evitó el uso de los remanentes de operación del Banco de México, ni el aumento de la deuda pública en casi 10 puntos del PIB.

Suggested Citation

  • Cárdenas Sánchez, Enrique, 2018. "Política hacendaria en México de 2013 a 2017. Una primera aproximación al sexenio," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(340), pages .887-923, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:85:y:2018:i:340:p:887-923
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v85i340.764
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.eltrimestreeconomico.com.mx/index.php/te/article/view/764/1032
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v85i340.764?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    México; reforma fiscal; déficit público; deuda pública; carga fiscal;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H6 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:85:y:2018:i:340:p:887-923. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nuria Pliego Vinageras (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.