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Modelos de crecimiento, estacionariedad y rompimientos: comparación entre las tendencias de crecimiento de las economías de la OCDE y las de los países menos desarrollado

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  • Hernández-Veleros, Zeus Salvador

    (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Económico Administrativas, Economía)

Abstract

The aim of this article is to define whether the per capita Gross Domestic Products (PCGDP) of 145 economies have a unit root with breaks or are trend stationary with breaks during the period 1950–2000, and then establish a relation with growth models (endogenous and exogenous) and with changes in economic fundamentals or changes in technological progress that break trends (intercepts or slopes) under the guide of Lau (1997). Additionally, we identify changes in the long-term growth trends of these economies in a way similar to that described by Ben-David and Papell (1998) in their study of 74 countries, but now using the panel stationarity test with multiple breaks of Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005). With this in mind, we define twelve different kinds of breaks, defined to compare average growth rate pre-break versus the average growth rate post break. The analysis examined whether the slowdown in member economies of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) occurred before, concurrent with or after the slowdown in the Least Developed Economies (LDE). We also look at some of the causes of the slowdowns and meltdowns in Latin American Economies (LAE), including some that were internal, some external, some common to various economies, and some peculiar to just one.// El objetivo de este artículo es definir si los productos internos brutos per cápita (PIBPC) de 145 economías tienen una raíz unitaria con rompimientos o si son estacionarios en tendencia con rompimientos durante el periodo 1950-2000, para, a partir de ello, establecer una relación con los modelos de crecimiento (endógenos y exógenos) y con los cambios, tanto en los fundamentos económicos como en el progreso tecnológico; situaciones que rompen las tendencias (intersecciones y pendientes) bajo la guía de Lau (1997). Adicionalmente, se identifican los cambios en las tendencias de crecimiento de largo plazo en una forma similar a lo hecho por Ben-David y Papell (1998) para 74 países, pero mediante la prueba panel de estacionariedad con rompimientos múltiples de Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005). Con esto en mente, se definen doce diferentes tipos de rompimientos al comparar la tasa de crecimiento promedio prerrompimiento con la tasa de crecimiento promedio posrompimiento. Derivado de esta clasificación, se examina si la desaceleración en las economías de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) ocurrió antes, durante o después de la desaceleración de las Economías Menos Desarrolladas (EMD). Asimismo, se plantean algunas de las causas de las desaceleraciones y las crisis en las Economías de América Latina (EAL), ya sea por factores internos, externos, comunes a varias economías o por factores particulares a alguna de ellas.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernández-Veleros, Zeus Salvador, 2016. "Modelos de crecimiento, estacionariedad y rompimientos: comparación entre las tendencias de crecimiento de las economías de la OCDE y las de los países menos desarrollado," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(332), pages .635-678, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:83:y:2016:i:332:p:635-678
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v83i332.235
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    cambio estructural; raíz unitaria; desaceleración; historia económica comparativa; crecimiento de países en desarrollo; modelos de crecimiento; crecimiento económico;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • N1 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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