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¿Existe una tasa óptima de desigualdad? Evidencia empírica de un panel de 112 países

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  • Charles-Coll, Jorge Alberto

    (Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas)

Abstract

This paper provides a conciliatory argument to the debate over the relationship between income inequality and economic growth by proposing that the disparities in most previous empirical studies derive from the fact that they have not accounted for the level of inequality as a factor that can define the sign of the relationship. An inverted U shaped relationship is demonstrated, showing that low levels of inequality exert a positive correlation with economic growth while high levels depict a negative one. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the existence of an Optimal Rate of Inequality (ORI) that maximizes growth rates in comparison to other inequality levels, and releases the economy from any distortion generated by high inequality or high redistribution and the associated taxation levels. Empirical evidence from a broad panel of countries as well as a bibliometric analysis is presented to validate these propositions.// Este artículo ofrece una propuesta para conciliar el debate sobre la relación que existe entre la desigualdad en el ingreso y el crecimiento económico al proponer que las disparidades presentes en la mayoría de los estudios empíricos anteriores se derivan del hecho de que no se han tomado en cuenta los niveles de desigualdad como un factor que puede determinar el signo de la relación. Se demuestra una relación con forma de U invertida, lo cual indica que bajos niveles de desigualdad ejercen una correlación positiva con el crecimiento económico, mientras que altos niveles de desigualdad ejercen un efecto negativo sobre el mismo. Además, se demuestra la existencia de una Tasa Óptima de Desigualdad (TOD) que maximiza las tasas de crecimiento en comparación con otros niveles de desigualdad y libera a la economía de cualquier distorsión generada por los altos niveles de desigualdad o por los altos niveles de redistribución y los niveles de tributación conexos. Para fundamentar estas proposiciones, se presenta evidencia empírica tomada de un extenso panel de países, así como un análisis bibliométrico

Suggested Citation

  • Charles-Coll, Jorge Alberto, 2015. "¿Existe una tasa óptima de desigualdad? Evidencia empírica de un panel de 112 países," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(326), pages .313-350, abril-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:82:y:2015:i:326:p:313-350
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v82i326.167
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    Cited by:

    1. Charles-Coll, Jorge & Mayer Granados, Elisabeth L., 2017. "How much Inequality is Harmful for Growth? The Growth Maximizing Rate of Inequality in the Context of the Mexican Economy," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 70(3), pages 301-318.
    2. Jorge Alberto Charles Coll & Elizabeth Lizeth Mayer Granados & Nazhle Faride Cheín Schekaiban, 2018. "Desigualdad en el ingreso y crecimiento económico de los municipios mexicanos: el efecto natalidad - capital humano\Income inequality and economic growth in Mexican municipalities: The fertility - hu," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, vol. 33(2), pages 195-217.
    3. Fernando Delbianco & Carlos Dabús & María angeles Caraballo pou, 2016. "Growth, Inequality and Corruption: Evidence from Developing Countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 36(3), pages 1811-1820.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    desigualdad; crecimiento; redistribución; tasa óptima de desigualdad;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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