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Determinantes de la oferta laboral familiar en los países del Mercosur y simulación de un programa común de bienestar social

Author

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  • González, Roberto

    (Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona)

  • Sala, Héctor

    (Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona)

Abstract

We examine household labor supply decisions in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. After presenting a discrete joint-choice model, we assume and estimate a quadratic utility function. We use the estimated parameters to compute the elasticities of labor supply with respect to non-labor income. We also simulate a common welfare policy inspired on the “Plan jefe de hogar” launched in Argentina. Among the main results, we find returns to education between 6.6 and 10.7 percent for married women, and a varied impact of higher non-labor income on labor supply decisions. This diversity reflects these countries’ heterogeneity regarding the polar-ization of socioeconomic and working conditions. The implementation of a “Plan común jefe de hogar” confirms the diversity of responses and generates a significant improvement in social cohesion within Mercosur’s countries.// Analizamos las decisiones de oferta laboral de los hogares en Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay. Presentamos un modelo conjunto de elección discreta y, de acuerdo con éste, postulamos y estimamos una función de utilidad cuadrática. A partir de los parámetros estimados calculamos las elasticidades de la oferta laboral respecto al ingreso no laboral. También simulamos una política de bienestar común inspirada en el “Plan jefe de hogar” de Argentina. Entre los resultados obtenidos destaca un rendimiento de la educación de entre el 6.6 y el 10.7% para las mujeres casadas, así como un variado efecto de las mejoras en los ingresos no laborales en las decisiones de oferta laboral. Esta diversidad es un reflejo de la heterogeneidad de estos países desde el punto de vista de la polarización de las condiciones socioeconómicas y laborales. La instrumentación de un “Plan común jefe de hogar” confirma la diversidad de respuestas y destaca por la mejora significativa que supondría para la cohesión social en el Mercosur.

Suggested Citation

  • González, Roberto & Sala, Héctor, 2011. "Determinantes de la oferta laboral familiar en los países del Mercosur y simulación de un programa común de bienestar social," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(310), pages 403-439, abril-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:78:y:2011:i:310:p:403-439
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v78i310.161
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    elección discreta; microsimulación; Mercosur; logit multinomial; cohesión social;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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