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Salud y desarrollo económico. El caso de México

Author

Listed:
  • Lustig, Nora

    (PNUD y Comisión Mexicana sobre Macroeconomía y Salud)

Abstract

This article analizes the relationship between health and economic growth and poverty. It finds that Mexico presents lower levels of health that those expected for its degree of development. It also concludes that there are huge contrasts among geographic zones, ethnic groups and socioeconomic status. This may be due to a somehow regressive public expenditure in health as half the population is not covered by any social security scheme. Hence it is needed a National Fund to finance healcare and allow a universal system that is independent of, for example, geographic zone or public/private source of work.// En este artículo se analizan la relación entre salud, crecimiento económico y pobreza, los niveles, desigualdad y evolución de los indicadores de salud así como la equidad y eficiencia de la acción pública en materia de salud en México. Este país tiene niveles promedio de salud inferiores a los esperados para su desarrollo y, aunque en general han mejorado en el tiempo, lo han hecho a un ritmo menor al adecuado. Existen también grandes contrastes entre zonas geográficas, grupos étnicos y niveles socioeconómicos. La desigualdad en los indicadores es reflejo de la desigualdad en la acción pública, ya que el gasto público en salud no es progresivo y ha mantenido a cerca del 50% de la población fuera de los sistemas de seguridad pública. Asimismo, se concluye que para alcanzar la eficiencia adecuada, el sistema de seguridad social debería establecer un fondo único nacional para financiar intervenciones médicas específicas y esquemas complementarios para servicios médicos adicionales; permitir a múltiples instituciones, tanto públicas como privadas, proporcionar los servicios de salud cubiertos por dicho fondo único para incrementar el acceso y competencia; así como garantizar la portabilidad de derechos, para el caso, por ejemplo, en que el asegurado se traslade a otra zona geográfica o cambie de situación laboral.

Suggested Citation

  • Lustig, Nora, 2007. "Salud y desarrollo económico. El caso de México," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(296), pages 793-822, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:74:y:2007:i:296:p:793-822
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v74i296.383
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    File URL: http://www.eltrimestreeconomico.com.mx/index.php/te/article/view/383/431
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    seguridad social; salud; crecimiento económico; pobreza; desigualdad;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O5 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies

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