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El valor económico de reducir tasas de mortalidad. El caso de Chile

Author

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  • Cerda, Rodrigo A.

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

  • Torche, Arístides

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

Abstract

Between 1979 and 1999, mortality rates in Chile fell from 6.8 to 5.4 per thousand while infant mortality rates decreased from 75 to 38 per 1000 newborns. This paper presents a methodology to value these reductions on the mortality rates based on a model in which agents choose consumption and leisure, facing survival rates. We calibrate the model to the Chilean economy during the nineties. Our results indicate that changes in the mortality rates between 1980 and 1997 can be valued at 270% of the Chilean GDP in 1998.// Entre 1979 y 1999 las condiciones de salud variaron notoriamente en Chile: la tasa de mortalidad general se redujo de 6.8 a 5.4 por mil y la de mortalidad infantil de 75 a 38 por mil nacidos vivos. Este trabajo presenta una metodología para valorizar dichas reducciones de tasas de mortalidad. El valor de la vida se mide a partir de un modelo en que los agentes eligen sus pautas de consumo y ocio óptimas enfrentando probabilidades exógenas de supervivencia. Las condiciones de primer orden, así como algunos supuestos simplificadores relacionados a la función de utilidad, nos permiten calibrar el modelo utilizando datos de la economía chilena durante los años noventa del siglo XX. Los resultados indican que los cambios en la mortalidad general entre 1980 y 1997 representan mas de 270% del PIB de Chile de 1998.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerda, Rodrigo A. & Torche, Arístides, 2006. "El valor económico de reducir tasas de mortalidad. El caso de Chile," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(292), pages 719-748, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:73:y:2006:i:292:p:719-748
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v73i292.338
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    Keywords

    valor de la vida; tasas de mortalidad;

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I19 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Other

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