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Jubilación en los sistemas de pensiones privadas

Author

Listed:
  • Valdés, Salvador

    (Instituto de Economía de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

  • Edwards, Gonzalo

    (Instituto de Economía de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

Abstract

This paper discusses the pension formulae used by the new Latin American pension systems proposes policies to reduce the costs pensioners. The risks considered are investment risk, individual longevity risk and the risk about the average longevity of the covered group. It recommends to allow pensioners to take reinvestment risk- i.e. maturity risk- upon themselves, to reduce cost. It also recommends to allow pensioners to absorb part of the risk to average longevity by themselves, as this would also reduce the costs of their pensions. For this end it is not enough to allow pensioners to choose between annuities provided by life insurance companies and "programmed whitdrawals." It is also required that the CREF annuity be allowed. The paper shows that CREF annuities must be subject to a regulation on the mortality tables used. The paper also proposes a mutual reinsurance contract between CREF annuity funds, wich allows the coexistence of short-term management contracts with coverage of individual longevity risk. Pension management contracts have the advantage of preventing managers from satisfying the demand for lump sum payments from myopic pensioners.// Este trabajo analiza las fórmulas de pensión utilizadas en los nuevos sistemas de pensiones privados de la América Latina y propone medidas para reducir los costos para el jubilado.Se consideran los riesgos de inversión,de longevidad individual, y el riesgo respecto a la longevidad promedio del grupo cubierto. Se recomienda permitir al jubilado asumir por sí mismo el riesgo de reinversión, o de descalce entre activos y pasivos, para disminuir los costos. También se recomienda permitir a los jubilados absorber por sí mismos parte del riesgo demográfico, ya que el costo de sus pensiones puede bajar significativamente. Para ello no es suficiente que el jubilado pueda elegir entre seguros vitalicios ofrecidos por las compañías de seguros de vida y pensiones de "retiro programado". Es necesario permitir además las "mensualidades vitalicias". Se demuestra que la mensualidad vitalicia debe quedar sujeta a una regulación respecto a las tablas de mortalidad utilizadas. También propone un mecanismo (un seguro mutuo de mortalidad entre fondos mensualidades vitalicias) que permite la coexistencia de contratos de administración de pensiones de corto plazo (reversibles) con la cobertura del riego de longevidad individual. Es conveniente que los contratos de jubilación sean de corto plazo, para impedir que las administradoras se vean forzadas a satisfacer la demanda por fondos al contado de parte de jubilados imprevisores.

Suggested Citation

  • Valdés, Salvador & Edwards, Gonzalo, 1998. "Jubilación en los sistemas de pensiones privadas," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 65(257), pages 3-47, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:65:y:1998:i:257:p:3-47
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Vidal-Melia & Ana Lejárraga-García, 2004. "The Bequest Motive And Single People’S Demand For Life Annuities," Public Economics 0405005, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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