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Optimal sizing of storage tanks in domestic rainwater harvesting systems: A linear programming approach

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  • Okoye, Chiemeka Onyeka
  • Solyalı, Oğuz
  • Akıntuğ, Bertuğ

Abstract

This paper proposes an optimization model to determine the optimal tank size of a single residential housing unit for rainwater harvesting and storage. Taking into account the site specific data such as the rainfall profile, the roof area of the building, the water consumption per capita and the number of residents, an integrated optimization model based on linear programming is proposed to decide on the size of rainwater storage tank to build such that the net present value of the total tank construction costs and freshwater purchase costs is minimized. The proposed model was tested on a case study from Northern Cyprus, the results of which emphasized the feasibility of rainwater harvesting as a sustainable supplement to the depleting aquifers in the region. The study also offers managerial insights on the impact of various parameters such as the number of residents, roof area, discount rate, water consumption per capita, unit cost of building the rainwater tank, and rainfall characteristics on the optimal tank size and on the net financial benefit gained from rainwater harvesting through detailed sensitivity analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Okoye, Chiemeka Onyeka & Solyalı, Oğuz & Akıntuğ, Bertuğ, 2015. "Optimal sizing of storage tanks in domestic rainwater harvesting systems: A linear programming approach," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 104(PA), pages 131-140.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:104:y:2015:i:pa:p:131-140
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.08.015
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    2. Campisano, Alberto & Modica, Carlo, 2012. "Optimal sizing of storage tanks for domestic rainwater harvesting in Sicily," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 9-16.
    3. Santos, C. & Taveira-Pinto, F., 2013. "Analysis of different criteria to size rainwater storage tanks using detailed methods," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-6.
    4. Silva, Cristina Matos & Sousa, Vitor & Carvalho, Nuno Vaz, 2015. "Evaluation of rainwater harvesting in Portugal: Application to single-family residences," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 21-34.
    5. Imteaz, Monzur Alam & Adeboye, Omotayo B. & Rayburg, Scott & Shanableh, Abdallah, 2012. "Rainwater harvesting potential for southwest Nigeria using daily water balance model," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 51-55.
    6. Tam, Vivian W.Y. & Tam, Leona & Zeng, S.X., 2010. "Cost effectiveness and tradeoff on the use of rainwater tank: An empirical study in Australian residential decision-making," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 178-186.
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    9. Rahman, Ataur & Keane, Joseph & Imteaz, Monzur Alam, 2012. "Rainwater harvesting in Greater Sydney: Water savings, reliability and economic benefits," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 16-21.
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    11. Su, Ming-Daw & Lin, Chun-Hung & Chang, Ling-Fang & Kang, Jui-Lin & Lin, Mei-Chun, 2009. "A probabilistic approach to rainwater harvesting systems design and evaluation," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 53(7), pages 393-399.
    12. Imteaz, Monzur Alam & Shanableh, Abdallah & Rahman, Ataur & Ahsan, Amimul, 2011. "Optimisation of rainwater tank design from large roofs: A case study in Melbourne, Australia," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 55(11), pages 1022-1029.
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    15. Byungil Kim & Kyle Anderson & SangHyun Lee & Hyoungkwan Kim, 2014. "A Real Option Perspective to Value the Multi-Stage Construction of Rainwater Harvesting Systems Reusing Septic Tank," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(8), pages 2279-2291, June.
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    1. Rostad, Nathan & Foti, Romano & Montalto, Franco A., 2016. "Harvesting rooftop runoff to flush toilets: Drawing conclusions from four major U.S. cities," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 97-106.
    2. Abdul Salam Khan, 2023. "A Comparative Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting System and Conventional Sources of Water," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(5), pages 2083-2106, March.
    3. Haowen Xie & Mark Randall & Sylvana Melo Santos, 2023. "Optimization of Roof Coverage and Tank Size for Integrated Green Roof Rainwater Harvesting Systems-a Case Study," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(12), pages 4663-4678, September.
    4. Jing, Xueer & Zhang, Shouhong & Zhang, Jianjun & Wang, Yujie & Wang, Yunqi, 2017. "Assessing efficiency and economic viability of rainwater harvesting systems for meeting non-potable water demands in four climatic zones of China," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 74-85.
    5. Moniruzzaman, Muhammad & Imteaz, Monzur A., 2017. "Generalized equations, climatic and spatial variabilities of potential rainwater savings: A case study for Sydney," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 139-156.

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