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On the implications of surface reciprocal relations for thermophoresis and photophoresis

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  • Satten, Glen
  • Ronis, David

Abstract

The steady state thermophoretic, photophoretic, and drag forces on a sphere are obtained in the case of hydrodynamics using boundary conditions consistent with the surface reciprocal relation discussed in the preceding paper (I). These boundary conditions yield expressions for the forces which are in qualitative disagreement with experiment. New boundary conditions consistent with the reciprocal relation given in I are proposed which allow for singular energy transport at the particle surface. These boundary conditions give qualitatively correct behavior for dense fluids, but still fail for rarified gases. This failure confirms the fact that the hydrodynamic approach to thermophoresis and photophoresis is inapplicable when the kinetic boundary layer (i.e. the Knudsen layer) is larger than the characteristic dimension of the problem, here the particle size. Comparison is made with the theory of Waldmann et al. (Nuovo Cimento 25B (1975) 407) and in particular we show that the reversible part of the singular energy transport must also be included in the reciprocal relation.

Suggested Citation

  • Satten, Glen & Ronis, David, 1984. "On the implications of surface reciprocal relations for thermophoresis and photophoresis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 125(2), pages 302-320.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:125:y:1984:i:2:p:302-320
    DOI: 10.1016/0378-4371(84)90057-8
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