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On the theory of fluctuations around non-equilibrium steady states

Author

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  • Tokuyama, Michio

Abstract

A new method of finding nonlinear Langevin type equations of motion for relevant macrovariables and the corresponding master equation for systems far from thermal equilibrium is presented by generalizing the time-convolutionless formalism proposed previously for equilibrium hamiltoian systems by Tokuyama and Mori. The Langevin type equation consists of a fluctuating force, and the nonlinear drift coefficients which are always identical to those of the master equation. A simple formula which relates the drift coefficients to the time correlation of the fluctuating forces is derived. This is a generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of the second kind in equilibrium systems and is valid not only for transport phenomena due to internal fluctuations but also for transport phenomena due to externally-driven fluctuations. A new cumulant expansion of the master equation is also obtained. The conditions under which a Langevin and a Fokker-Planck equation of a generalized type for non-equilibrium open systems can be derived are clarified.

Suggested Citation

  • Tokuyama, Michio, 1980. "On the theory of fluctuations around non-equilibrium steady states," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 102(3), pages 399-430.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:102:y:1980:i:3:p:399-430
    DOI: 10.1016/0378-4371(90)90174-Q
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