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Threat Modelling of Cyber–Physical Systems Using an Applied π-Calculus

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  • Nweke, Livinus Obiora
  • Weldehawaryat, Goitom K.
  • Wolthusen, Stephen D.

Abstract

Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS) are distributed systems in which the state of the physical system is generally not observable in non-trivial cases, and where state transitions of this physical system can also occur without resulting in immediate changes to observable variables. This poses challenges for the bidirectional synchronisation of the discrete cyber models and the partially continuous physical systems. Threats to CPS from cyber attacks are, however, often instantiable only where conditions on the CPS state during the attack meet certain conditions such that they drive the system state outside a desirable or safe space.

Suggested Citation

  • Nweke, Livinus Obiora & Weldehawaryat, Goitom K. & Wolthusen, Stephen D., 2021. "Threat Modelling of Cyber–Physical Systems Using an Applied π-Calculus," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijocip:v:35:y:2021:i:c:s1874548221000536
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcip.2021.100466
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krotofil, Marina & Cárdenas, Alvaro & Larsen, Jason & Gollmann, Dieter, 2014. "Vulnerabilities of cyber-physical systems to stale data—Determining the optimal time to launch attacks," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 7(4), pages 213-232.
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