IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v39y2021ics1544612320305456.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The role of debt in aggregate demand

Author

Listed:
  • Xing, Xiaoyun
  • Xiong, Wanting
  • Guo, Jinzhong
  • Wang, Yougui

Abstract

With the purpose of performing a simple and original analysis on the mechanisms through which money and debt affect aggregate demand, this paper presents a stock-flow-consistent model in which the role of credit creation of banks is emphasized. By conducting theoretical analysis on income determination in an alternative way, we demonstrate that the equilibrium national income can be expressed as flows generated from three sources, namely money circulation, private debt circulation, and total credit expansion.

Suggested Citation

  • Xing, Xiaoyun & Xiong, Wanting & Guo, Jinzhong & Wang, Yougui, 2021. "The role of debt in aggregate demand," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:39:y:2021:i:c:s1544612320305456
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2020.101653
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612320305456
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101653?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wai-Sum Chan & Johnny Li & Jackie Li, 2014. "The CBD Mortality Indexes: Modeling and Applications," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(1), pages 38-58.
    2. Blinder, Alan S & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1983. "Money, Credit Constraints, and Economic Activity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(2), pages 297-302, May.
    3. Yongping Li & Guohe Huang & Yuefei Huang & Xiaosheng Qin, 2014. "Modeling of Water Quality, Quantity, and Sustainability," Journal of Applied Mathematics, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-3, August.
    4. Xing, Xiaoyun & Xiong, Wanting & Chen, Liujun & Chen, Jiawei & Wang, Yougui & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2018. "Money circulation and debt circulation: A restatement of quantity theory of money," Economics Discussion Papers 2018-1, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    5. Thomas I. Palley, 1994. "Debt, Aggregate Demand, and The Business Cycle: an Analysis in the Spirit of Kaldor and Minsky," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 371-390, March.
    6. Giovanni Bernardo & Emanuele Campiglio, 2014. "A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 41(3), pages 381-405, August.
    7. Robert E. Hall, 2011. "The Long Slump," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(2), pages 431-469, April.
    8. Ben S. Bernanke & Mark Gertler, 1995. "Inside the Black Box: The Credit Channel of Monetary Policy Transmission," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 9(4), pages 27-48, Fall.
    9. Xiaoning Zhang & Henk van Zuylen & Yafeng Yin & Andy H. F. Chow & Hu Shao, 2014. "Transportation Modeling and Management," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-4, December.
    10. Chad Liu & Chuan-Yuan Li & Fan Yuan, 2014. "Mathematical Modeling of the Phoenix Rising Pathway," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(2), pages 1-10, February.
    11. Charles S. Morris & Gordon H. Sellon, 1995. "Bank lending and monetary policy: evidence on a credit channel," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, vol. 80(Q II), pages 59-75.
    12. Werner, Richard A., 2014. "How do banks create money, and why can other firms not do the same? An explanation for the coexistence of lending and deposit-taking," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 71-77.
    13. Bernanke, Ben S & Blinder, Alan S, 1988. "Credit, Money, and Aggregate Demand," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 78(2), pages 435-439, May.
    14. Weidenmier, Marc, 2010. "This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly. By Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009. $35.00," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 70(3), pages 766-768, September.
    15. Cristiana J. Silva & Delfim F. M. Torres, 2014. "Modeling TB-HIV Syndemic and Treatment," Journal of Applied Mathematics, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-14, July.
    16. Gauti B. Eggertsson & Paul Krugman, 2012. "Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo Approach," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 127(3), pages 1469-1513.
    17. Hung, Yao-Chen & Lin, Chai-Yu, 2014. "Modeling intrinsic noise in random Boolean networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 395(C), pages 121-127.
    18. McLeay, Michael & Radia, Amar & Thomas, Ryland, 2014. "Money creation in the modern economy," Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, Bank of England, vol. 54(1), pages 14-27.
    19. Xian-gong Li & Xue-feng Song & Xin-chun Li, 2014. "System Dynamics Modeling in Coal Mine Safety," Springer Books, in: Ershi Qi & Jiang Shen & Runliang Dou (ed.), Proceedings of 2013 4th International Asia Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation (IEMI2013), edition 127, pages 823-833, Springer.
    20. Hyman P. Minsky, 1982. "Can “It” Happen Again? A Reprise," Challenge, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3), pages 5-13, July.
    21. Werner, Richard A., 2014. "Can banks individually create money out of nothing? — The theories and the empirical evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 1-19.
    22. Ali Ekici & Pınar Keskinocak & Julie L. Swann, 2014. "Modeling Influenza Pandemic and Planning Food Distribution," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 16(1), pages 11-27, February.
    23. Joseph E Stiglitz, 2018. "Where modern macroeconomics went wrong," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 34(1-2), pages 70-106.
    24. Wan, Nian-Feng & Jiang, Jie-Xian & Li, Bo, 2014. "Modeling ecological two-sidedness for complex ecosystems," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 287(C), pages 36-43.
    25. Esarey, Justin & DeMeritt, Jacqueline H. R., 2014. "Defining and Modeling State-Dependent Dynamic Systems," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(1), pages 61-85, January.
    26. Atif R. Mian & Amir Sufi, 2012. "What explains high unemployment? The aggregate demand channel," NBER Working Papers 17830, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xing, Xiaoyun & Pan, Huanxue & Deng, Jing, 2022. "Carbon tax in a stock-flow consistent model: The role of commercial banks in financing low-carbon transition," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xing, Xiaoyun & Xiong, Wanting & Chen, Liujun & Chen, Jiawei & Wang, Yougui & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2018. "Money circulation and debt circulation: A restatement of quantity theory of money," Economics Discussion Papers 2018-1, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. Xing, Xiaoyun & Wang, Mingsong & Wang, Yougui & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2020. "Credit creation under multiple banking regulations: The impact of balance sheet diversity on money supply," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 720-735.
    3. Li, Boyao & Xiong, Wanting & Chen, Liujun & Wang, Yougui, 2017. "The impact of the liquidity coverage ratio on money creation: A stock-flow based dynamic approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 193-202.
    4. Gross, Marco, 2022. "Beautiful cycles: A theory and a model implying a curious role for interest," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    5. Werner, Richard A., 2016. "A lost century in economics: Three theories of banking and the conclusive evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 361-379.
    6. Anjan V. Thakor & Edison Yu, 2023. "Funding Liquidity Creation by Banks," Working Papers 23-02, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    7. Jochen O. Mierau & Mark Mink, 2018. "A Descriptive Model of Banking and Aggregate Demand," De Economist, Springer, vol. 166(2), pages 207-237, June.
    8. Levrero, Enrico Sergio & Deleidi, Matteo, 2017. "The money creation process: A theoretical and empirical analysis for the US," MPRA Paper 81970, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Li, Boyao, 2017. "The impact of the Basel III liquidity coverage ratio on macroeconomic stability: An agent-based approach," Economics Discussion Papers 2017-2, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    10. Matthew Rognlie & Andrei Shleifer & Alp Simsek, 2018. "Investment Hangover and the Great Recession," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 10(2), pages 113-153, April.
    11. Akhand Akhtar Hossain, 2009. "Central Banking and Monetary Policy in the Asia-Pacific," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 12777.
    12. Francisco Serranito & Philipp RODERWEIS & Jamel Saadaoui, 2023. "Is Quantitative Easing Productive? The Role of Bank Lending in the Monetary Transmission Process," EconomiX Working Papers 2023-17, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    13. Dosi, Giovanni & Fagiolo, Giorgio & Napoletano, Mauro & Roventini, Andrea, 2013. "Income distribution, credit and fiscal policies in an agent-based Keynesian model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 1598-1625.
    14. André Teixeira & Zoë Venter, 2021. "Macroprudential Policy and Aggregate Demand," Working Papers REM 2021/0181, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    15. Riccardo Fiorentini & Roberto Tamborini, 2002. "Monetary Policy, Credit and Aggregate Supply: The Evidence from Italy," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 31(3), pages 451-491, November.
    16. Yu Hsing & Wen-jen Hsieh, 2014. "Test of the Bank Lending Channel for a BRICS Country," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 4(8), pages 1016-1023, August.
    17. Amine Ben Amar, 2022. "On the role of Islamic banks in the monetary policy transmission in Saudi Arabia," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 12(1), pages 55-94, March.
    18. Liang Wu & Lei Zhang & Zhiming Fu, 2015. "Deleveraging, short sale constraints and market crash," Papers 1511.03777, arXiv.org.
    19. Fedotenkov, Igor, 2018. "Population ageing and inflation with endogenous money creation," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(3), pages 392-403.
    20. Mitoko, Jeremiah, 2021. "Economics of Microcredit-From current crisis to new possibilities," MPRA Paper 108392, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Aggregate demand; Money circulation; Credit expansion; Stock-flow consistent approach;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:39:y:2021:i:c:s1544612320305456. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.