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Horizontal mergers and heterogeneous firm investments: evidence from the United States

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  • Li, Dongxu

Abstract

I find on average firms respond to a horizontal merger by investing less in PP&E, labor, and R&D. There is notable heterogeneity among the non-merging rivals. The laggard rivals reduce investments in PP&E, labor, and R&D while the neck-and-neck rivals do the opposite. There is an insignificant change for the leader rivals. These results support Aghion et al. (2005) on the inverted-U relationship between competition and innovation. Also, I show evidence that financial constraints and innovativeness are two factors that drive rivals’ heterogeneous responses. This empirical study sheds light upon the pattern in which horizontal mergers shape industry evolvement.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Dongxu, 2024. "Horizontal mergers and heterogeneous firm investments: evidence from the United States," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:empfin:v:75:y:2024:i:c:s0927539823001317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jempfin.2023.101464
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Horizontal mergers; Investments; Innovativeness; Rival heterogeneity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • L41 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D

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