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Der Gender Pension Gap verstärkt die Einkommensungleichheit von Männern und Frauen im Rentenalter

Author

Listed:
  • Markus M. Grabka
  • Björn Jotzo
  • Anika Rasner
  • Christian Westermeier

Abstract

In 2014, the Gender Pension Gap amounted to 42 percent in West Germany and 23 percent in East Germany; in this report, we identify and simulate this gap for four different cohorts. According to our calculations, the Gender Pension Gap for the youngest cohort will be roughly 15 percentage points lower than that of the oldest. There are several reasons for this difference: the existing Gender Pay Gap; the lower education levels among women in the older cohorts; the lower employment rate and number of working hours among women; family-related career breaks for mothers; and the fact that many women have jobs in poorly paid sectors. Better childcare offerings for toddlers and schoolchildren would go a longway toward increasing women’s labor participation and reducing the Gender Pension Gap; as well, policy must continue to promote institutional equality between men and women while pursuing pay equity. Die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede in der Höhe der Renten lagen im Jahr 2014 bei 42 Prozent in Westdeutschland und 23 Prozent in Ostdeutschland. Im vorliegenden Bericht wird dieser sogenannte Gender Pension Gap für vier Geburtskohorten bestimmt und seine zukünftige Entwicklung simuliert. Demnach wird der Gender Pension Gap für die jüngste Kohorte dieser Untersuchung – verglichen mit der ältesten – um etwa 15 Prozentpunkte sinken. Es gibt mehrere Gründe für diese geschlechtsspezifische Rentenlücke: die bestehende Lohnlücke zwischen Männern und Frauen, das niedrigere Bildungsniveau von Frauen in älteren Geburtskohorten, die niedrigere Erwerbsquote, geringere Arbeitszeiten und familienbedingte Erwerbsunterbrechungen von Frauen sowie Jobs in schlechter bezahlten Branchen. Um die Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen zu erhöhen und den Gender Pension Gap zu verkleinern, sind vor allem Mütter auf bessere Kinderbetreuungsangebote angewiesen – für Kleinkinder und Schulkinder. Außerdem muss sich die Politik weiter für eine institutionelle Gleichstellung von Männern und Frauen einsetzen sowie das Ziel der Lohngerechtigkeit weiter verfolgen.

Suggested Citation

  • Markus M. Grabka & Björn Jotzo & Anika Rasner & Christian Westermeier, 2017. "Der Gender Pension Gap verstärkt die Einkommensungleichheit von Männern und Frauen im Rentenalter," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 84(5), pages 87-96.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:84-5-1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Christina Boll & Malte Jahn & Andreas Lagemann, 2018. "The gender lifetime earnings gap—exploring gendered pay from the life course perspective," Journal of Income Distribution, Ad libros publications inc., vol. 25(1), pages 1-53, March.
    2. Christina Boll & Malte Jahn & Andreas Lagemann, 2017. "The gender lifetime earnings gap—exploring gendered pay from the life course perspective," Journal of Income Distribution, Ad libros publications inc., vol. 25(1), pages 1-53, March.
    3. Westermeier, Christian, 2019. "Ältere am Arbeitsmarkt: Eine stabile Beschäftigung vor dem Rentenalter begünstigt die Weiterarbeit (Older workers in the labour force: late-career employment stability is associated with extended work," IAB-Kurzbericht 201915, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender pension gap; statutory pension system; SOEP; VSKT;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies

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