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Wie die Kombination von Messungen helfen kann, die Risikobereitschaft besser einzuschätzen

Author

Listed:
  • Lukas Menkhoff
  • Sahra Sakha

Abstract

In Germany and many other countries, financial advisors are required by law to assess their clients’ risk preferences in order to help them make informed and appropriate investment decisions. Most institutions that provide financial advice - banks, for instance - carry out this assessment using just one type of risk measure. Financial advisors might ask clients to answer a question about their attitudes towards risk, for example, or to choose one option among several more or less risky alternatives. Our study finds, however, that employing only one type of risk measure may result in an inaccurate assessment of risk aversion - and if the underlying information is unreliable, the corresponding investment decision will also be flawed. Based on empirical data comprising an unusually broad set of seven different risk measures, we suggest a more robust risk assessment model that combines various methods. Since our results indicate that these multiple-item risk measures usually outperform single-item measures, we recommend combining two or even three items to obtain more reliable risk attitude profiles. A higher level of accuracy could in turn lead to better investment advice. In vielen Ländern der Welt, Deutschland eingeschlossen, sind Finanzberater (hier Personen, die Privatanleger bei Finanzanlagen beraten) heutzutage gesetzlich verpflichtet, die Risikoeinstellung ihrer Kunden zu erfassen, um ihnen dabei zu helfen, die passendste Anlageentscheidung zu treffen. Die meisten Institutionen, die eine Finanzberatung anbieten (beispielsweise Banken), verwenden für diese Erfassung nur eine einzige Messmethode. Zum Beispiel bitten sie ihre Kunden, eine Frage zur eigenen Risikoeinstellung zu beantworten oder aus mehreren, mehr oder weniger riskanten Alternativen eine auszuwählen. Wie die vorliegende Studie zeigt, könnte jedoch der Einsatz nur einer Messmethode zu ungenauen Informationen hinsichtlich der individuellen Risikoaversion führen. Wenn aber die zugrundeliegende Information zur Risikoaversion nicht verlässlich ist, wird auch die darauf aufbauende Beratung und Anlageentscheidung fehlerhaft sein. Basierend auf einer Analyse von empirischen Daten mithilfe einer ungewöhnlich breiten Palette von sieben verschiedenen Messmethoden wird ein robusteres Modell zur Erhebung der subjektiven Risikoeinstellung vorgeschlagen, das verschiedene Erhebungsverfahren kombiniert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass solche Multiple-Item-Messungen zur Risikoeinstellung in der Regel bessere Ergebnisse liefern als Single-Item-Messungen. Empfohlen wird daher die Kombination von zwei – oder besser noch drei – Risiko-Items, um verlässliche Risikoprofile zu ermitteln, die wiederum eine bessere Anlageberatung ermöglichen.

Suggested Citation

  • Lukas Menkhoff & Sahra Sakha, 2016. "Wie die Kombination von Messungen helfen kann, die Risikobereitschaft besser einzuschätzen," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 83(42), pages 1008-1017.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:83-42-3
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Risk attitude; risk measure; lab-in-the-field experiments; household survey; financial behavior;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D8 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
    • C93 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Field Experiments
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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