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Neue Kunden? Neue Märkte? Eine empirisch-wissenschaftliche Studie zu pandemiebedingten Geschäftsmodellinnovationen in der Gastronomie

Author

Listed:
  • Daniela Ludin
  • Wanja Wellbrock
  • Erika Müller
  • Sascha Brosi
  • Jessica Reuter

Abstract

Bislang gibt es kaum Untersuchungen zu digitalen Geschäftsfeldinnovationen in der Gastronomie. Mit der hier vorgestellten Studie kann diese Forschungslücke geschlossen werden. Die Gastronomie ist ein wichtiger Ort sozialer Interaktion und ein wichtiger Arbeitgeber. Die pandemiebedingten Lockdowns haben jedoch zur Schließung der Gastronomie geführt. Im November und Dezember 2020 wurde daher zum einen eine schriftliche Befragung bei 181 Konsumenten und zum anderen von Dezember 2020 bis Januar 2021 eine schriftliche Befragung bei 37 gastronomischen Betrieben in Deutschland durchgeführt. Die Befragung der Konsumenten zeigt, dass die Schließung der Gastronomie einen Einfluss auf ihr Freizeitverhalten hat. Take-Away- und Lieferangebote werden beispielsweise verstärkt genutzt. Für Gastronomen bietet sich hier die Möglichkeit über Geschäftsmodellinnovationen neue Kundengruppen und Märkte zu erschließen. Die Befragung bei Gastronomen zeigt jedoch, dass nur einer von 37 aufgrund der Lockdowns ein Format anbietet, das nach Hauschildt und Salomo (2016) als „neu“ und erfolgsversprechend eingeschätzt werden kann. Dies kann mit Belegen der Untersuchung für eine geringe Digitalisierung der Branche in Verbindung gebracht werden; diese hat zwar pandemiebedingt einen Schub erfahren, allerdings auf bislang niedrigem Niveau. Hieraus resultiert final das Ergebnis, dass nur 20 % der Gastronomen angeben, durch die Pandemie neue Kundengruppen/Märkte erschlossen zu haben. Die Studie bietet vor diesem Hintergrund praktische Hinweise für Gastronomen bei der Identifikation von potenziellen digitalen Geschäftsmodellinnovationen. / To date, there exist hardly any studies on digital business innovation in the hospitality industry. The study presented here can close this research gap. The hospitality industry is an important place of social interaction and an important employer. However, the pandemic-related lockdowns have led to the closure of the hospitality industry in Germany. Therefore, a written survey of 181 consumers was conducted in November and December 2020 on the one hand, and a written survey of 37 restaurants in Germany was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021 on the other hand. The survey of consumers shows that the closure of restaurants has an impact on their leisure behavior. Take-away and delivery offers, for example, are increasingly being used. For restaurant owners and managers, this offers the opportunity of new customer groups and markets through business model innovation. However, the survey of the restaurant owners and managers shows that only one in 37 offers a format that can be considered „new“ and promising according to Hauschildt and Salomo (2016) due to the lockdowns. This can be linked to evidence from the study of low digitisation in the industry; although this has experienced a boost due to the pandemic, it has been at a low level to date. The result of this is that only 20 % of restaurant owners and managers state that they have opened up new customer groups/markets because of the pandemic. Against this background, the study offers practical advice for restaurateurs in identifying potential digital business model innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniela Ludin & Wanja Wellbrock & Erika Müller & Sascha Brosi & Jessica Reuter, 2022. "Neue Kunden? Neue Märkte? Eine empirisch-wissenschaftliche Studie zu pandemiebedingten Geschäftsmodellinnovationen in der Gastronomie," ZfKE – Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 70(1), pages 1-21.
  • Handle: RePEc:dah:aeqzfk:v70_y2022_i1_q1_p1-21
    DOI: 10.3790/zfke.70.1.1
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