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The Plastics Industry: A Comparative Study of Research and Innovation

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  • Freeman, C.
  • Young, A.
  • Fuller, J.

Abstract

Plastics are already one of the world's main groups of industrial materials; in volume terms, world plastics consumption is now greater than that of all non-ferrous metals combined. The main point that emerges from international comparisons is West Germany's predominance in production and exports (and also in exports of plastics machinery). German production of plastic materials in 1961 was 19 kilograms per head, compared to 17½ in the United States and 12 in Britain. This is not due to lower costs. In material costs, Germany has been, if anything, at a disadvantage : she had only a small petro-chemicals industry in the early post-war years, and she has very little natural gas. In labour costs (which in any case are not very important in this industry) and in plant costs, again there is no evidence of any marked German advantage over her competitors. In general her quoted prices were not below those of other countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Freeman, C. & Young, A. & Fuller, J., 1963. "The Plastics Industry: A Comparative Study of Research and Innovation," National Institute Economic Review, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, vol. 26, pages 22-49, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:nierev:v:26:y:1963:i::p:22-49_3
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernardina Algieri & Antonio Aquino & Marianna Succurro, 2022. "Trade Specialisation and Changing Patterns of Comparative Advantages in Manufactured Goods," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 8(3), pages 607-667, November.
    2. Dosi, Giovanni & Soete, Luc, 2022. "On the syndemic nature of crises: A Freeman perspective," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(1).

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