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Presenting Post Hoc Hypotheses as A Priori: Ethical and Theoretical Issues

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  • Leung, Kwok

Abstract

Presenting post hoc hypotheses based on empirical findings as if they had been developed a priori seems common in management papers. The pure form of this practice is likely to breach research ethics and impede theoretical development by suppressing the falsification process. Two other forms may be more tolerable: deletion of rejected hypotheses and refinement of hypotheses inspired by empirical findings. To address this problem, the field should provide stronger recognition of replication, descriptive research, rejected and post hoc hypotheses, and critical tests of competing hypotheses. These positive changes require the concerted effort of researchers, management associations, and journal editors and reviewers.

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  • Leung, Kwok, 2011. "Presenting Post Hoc Hypotheses as A Priori: Ethical and Theoretical Issues," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 7(3), pages 471-479, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:maorev:v:7:y:2011:i:03:p:471-479_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Rubin, Mark, 2020. "Does preregistration improve the credibility of research findings?," MetaArXiv vgr89, Center for Open Science.
    2. Gary A. Hoover & Christian Hopp, 2017. "What Crisis? Taking Stock of Management Researchers' Experiences with and Views of Scholarly Misconduct," CESifo Working Paper Series 6611, CESifo.
    3. Hengky Latan & Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour & Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour & Murad Ali, 2023. "Crossing the Red Line? Empirical Evidence and Useful Recommendations on Questionable Research Practices among Business Scholars," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 184(3), pages 549-569, May.
    4. Brian K. Boyd, 2018. "Paradigm development in Chinese management research: The role of research methodology," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 805-827, September.
    5. Hensel, Przemysław G., 2019. "Supporting replication research in management journals: Qualitative analysis of editorials published between 1970 and 2015," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 45-57.
    6. Benson Honig & Joseph Lampel & Donald Siegel & Paul Drnevich, 2014. "Ethics in the Production and Dissemination of Management Research: Institutional Failure or Individual Fallibility?," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(1), pages 118-142, January.

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