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Estructura tecnológica de las exportaciones industriales en América Latina (1990-2010)

Author

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  • Enrique Gilles
  • Danilo Torres Reina

Abstract

Se analiza el comportamiento de las exportaciones industriales de una muestra representativa de países latinoamericanos en el periodo 1990-2010, teniendo en cuenta el contenido tecnológico de las mismas y contrastándola con el desempeno de Estados Unidos, la Unión Europea y Corea del Sur. En este tiempo la mayoría de países de la región se comprometió con una serie de reformas al comercio internacional que en algunos casos se profundizaron y en otros se estancaron o se reversaron. La hipótesis del trabajo es que, en términos generales y relativos, la región presentaba en la entrada del nuevo milenio un incipiente proceso de diversificación exportadora basada en productos con mayor incorporación de tecnología. Este proceso se ha venido opacando, con algunas excepciones (Brasil, México), por la expansión del comercio de productos básicos y mineros, reprimarizando la oferta exportable y colocando a la mayoría de países de la región en una precaria senda de inserción en la economía mundial. La información aquí analizada apoya la validez de dicha conjetura. Technological Structure of Industrial Exports in Latin America (1990-2010) We analyze the behavior of industrial exports from a representative sample of Latin American countries in the period 1990-2010, taking into account its technological content and contrasting it with the performance of the United States, the European Union and South Korea equivalent exports. At this time most countries of the region undertook a series of reforms in international trade, which in some cases were further deepened, while in others stagnated or were reversed. The main hypothesis of the paper is that the region presented, at the beginning of the new millennium, a process of exports diversification towards products with greater technology intensity. This process has been overshadowed, with some exceptions (Brazil, Mexico), by the expansion of trade in primary products, which recomposed the export basket in detriment of industrial products, and placed some of these countries in a precarious path of integration into the world economy. The information analyzed supports the validity of this conjecture.

Suggested Citation

  • Enrique Gilles & Danilo Torres Reina, 2013. "Estructura tecnológica de las exportaciones industriales en América Latina (1990-2010)," Revista Ad-Minister, Universidad EAFIT, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000475:011693
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    File URL: http://publicaciones.eafit.edu.co/index.php/administer/article/view/2028
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Fabio Monsalve & Mateo Ortiz & María-Ángeles Cadarso & Enrique Gilles & Jorge Zafrilla & Luis-Antonio López, 2020. "Nesting a city input–output table in a multiregional framework: a case example with the city of Bogota," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. David Camilo López & Enrique López Enciso & Enrique Montes, 2015. "Colombia en el comercio mundial (1992-2012): desempeño de las exportaciones colombianas," Borradores de Economia 885, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Exportaciones industriales; intensidad tecnológica de las exportaciones; diversificación; inserción internacional; América Latina; exports; industrial exports; technology intensity of exports; diversification; international insertion; Latin America.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • L6 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
    • N76 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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