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Essential and Orphan Drugs in Panama: Perception of Competition and Implications of Pricing Policy

Author

Listed:
  • Víctor H. Herrera Ballesteros
  • Ilais Moreno Velásquez
  • Eric I. Conte
  • Cecilio N. Hall
  • Beatriz Gómez

Abstract

We measured the perception of competition in the market for essential and orphan drugs. The inflation rate for original products was 0.002 annually, whereas that for generic drugs was 0.005. The province of Panama, containing 46.5 % of private pharmacies, has the lowest index in the perception of competition; 18 % of the respondents to the out-ofpocket expenditure survey did not have drugs available, and 55 % could not afford them. The Gini coefficients were 0.40 (2014) and 0.76 (2017). The increase in prices, the relative independence of retailers to establish prices, and low access to social/private insurance increase the out-of-pocket expenses

Suggested Citation

  • Víctor H. Herrera Ballesteros & Ilais Moreno Velásquez & Eric I. Conte & Cecilio N. Hall & Beatriz Gómez, 2020. "Essential and Orphan Drugs in Panama: Perception of Competition and Implications of Pricing Policy," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, vol. 23(2), pages 115-134, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000151:018220
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    File URL: https://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/economia/article/view/9179
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic competition; generic drug policy; orphan drug; pharmacy; therapeuticequivalency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H5 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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