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Aportes de la economía de la salud al estudio de la transición de riesgos sanitarios: el caso de la obesidad

Author

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  • Karina Luján Temporelli
  • Pablo Daniel Monterubbianesi

Abstract

Las transformaciones epidemiológicas, demográficas y socioeconómicas acaecidas en las últimas décadas imponen nuevos retos a los sistemas de salud. Al analizar las causas de muerte en el mundo se encuentra que 4 son las de mayor prevalencia: las enfermedades cardiovasculares, el cáncer, las enfermedades respiratorias crónicas y la diabetes. A su vez, estas enfermedades son causadas en gran parte por 3 factores de riesgo: el tabaquismo, el sedentarismo y la mala alimentación. El punto de vista económico ayuda a comprender y predecir la conducta humana en un amplio rango de situaciones, constituyendo un enfoque de vital importancia para el diseno de instituciones y políticas que se adecúen a las necesidades de las poblaciones. Dada la amplia expansión del sobrepeso y la obesidad, relacionados con conductas poco saludables, el objetivo general de este trabajo consiste en realizar una revisión sistemática de los principales aportes teóricos y empíricos que se han hecho desde la economía de la salud para la explicación de este fenómeno******Epidemiological, demographic and socio-economic transformations in recent decades pose new challenges to health systems. In analyzing the causes of death in the world it is found that four are the most prevalent: cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. In turn, these diseases are caused largely by three risk factors: smoking, physical inactivity and poor diet. The economic perspective helps to understand and predict human behavior in a wide range of situations, constituting a vital approach for the design of institutions and policies that fit the needs of populations. Given the wide spread of overweight and obesity, related to unhealthy behaviors, the overall objective of this work is to conduct a systematic review of the main theoretical and empirical contributions that have been made since the health economy for the explanation of this phenomenon.

Suggested Citation

  • Karina Luján Temporelli & Pablo Daniel Monterubbianesi, 2016. "Aportes de la economía de la salud al estudio de la transición de riesgos sanitarios: el caso de la obesidad," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 34(81), pages 242-252, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:015225
    DOI: 10.1016/j.espe.2016.07.001
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    Keywords

    Análisis económico de la obesidad; Cambio tecnológico; Precios relativos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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