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¿Es neutral el banco de la república? Un análisis crítico de la reforma del 91

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  • Martha Lucia Bernal Suárez

Abstract

La reforma de 1991 al Banco Central se propuso crear una entidad autónoma e independiente de los intereses particulares y las lógicas políticas. Para ello, conformó una Junta Directiva, compuesta por técnicos, y restringió los préstamos al Gobierno con recursos de emisión. Aquí problematizamos el concepto de neutralidad, atribuido a aquella reforma, a fin de mostrar que la restricción de la emisión obligó a todos los agentes a buscar fuentes de financiamiento en el sistema financiero privado y, en consecuencia, provocó que estos quedaran sujetos a la lógica y los intereses del acreedor. Con esto, en últimas, queda en cuestión la supuesta neutralidad de la reforma. ****** The 1991 Central Bank reform was addressed to create an autonomous and independent institution for the particular interests and political logic. To do so, a directorate comprised of technicians was organised, restricting government and private party loans with emission sources. In this paper we question the concept of neutrality, which is attributed to the reform mentioned. We show how the emission restriction forced all the agents to search for financing in the financial sector, leaving them subjected to the logic and interests of the creditor. This is why the neutrality of the reform is being questioned. ****** A reforma de 1991 do Banco Central teve como objetivo criar uma entidade autonoma, independente dos interesses privados e das lógicas políticas. Para isso, formou um Conselho de Administracao, formado por técnicos, e restringiu os empréstimos ao governo com recursos de emissao. Aqui problematizamos o conceito de neutralidade, atribuído aquela reforma, a fim de mostrar que a restricao a emissao obrigou todos os agentes a buscarem fontes de financiamento no sistema financeiro privado e, consequentemente, fez com que ficassem sujeitos a lógica e aos interesses do credor. Com isso, em última instancia, a suposta neutralidade da reforma permanece em questao.

Suggested Citation

  • Martha Lucia Bernal Suárez, 2021. "¿Es neutral el banco de la república? Un análisis crítico de la reforma del 91," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 40(82), pages 113-135, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:020162
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Banco Central; deuda; neutralidad; emisión; reforma constitucional.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A14 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Sociology of Economics
    • B59 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Other
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • H63 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt

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