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Formas de innovar y sus implicaciones de política: lecciones de una experiencia

Author

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  • Florentino Malaver Rodríguez
  • Marisela Vargas Pérez

Abstract

Este artículo muestra la importancia de establecer formas de innovar en contextos de bajo desarrollo tecnológico, con el fin de brindar insumos para una política de innovación eficaz. Con base en un estudio representativo de la industria de Bogotá y Cundinamarca, se identifican las formas de innovar predominantes en ella y frente a esa realidad se contrastan tanto analítica como empíricamente las implicaciones de políticas centradas en las fallas del mercado y en una visión evolutiva, y se proponen alternativas para contribuir a dinamizar la innovación. En dicho contexto, caracterizado por una profunda heterogeneidad tecnológica, políticas transversales centradas en la I+D tienen poca cobertura, tienden a ampliar las brechas tecnológicas y difícilmente contribuirán al upgrading tecnológico y competitivo. ***** This article illustrates the importance of establishing means of innovation in low-technology development contexts in order to provide inputs for an effective policy of innovation. Based on a representative study of industry in Bogotá and the Department of Cundinamarca, it identifies the predominant methods currently used to innovate and to approach the challenges of reality. The implications of policies focused on “market failure” and on an evolutionary perspective, are compared both analytically and empirically. The article proposes alternatives to encourage innovation. In the current context, characterized by profound technological heterogeneity, cross-cutting policies focused on R & D have little coverage, tend to widen the technology gaps, and make little contribution to technological and competitive upgrading. ***** Cet article montre l’importance d’établir des formes d’innovation dans des contextes de faible développement technologique en vue de fournir les outils pour une politique d’innovation efficace. A partir d’une étude de l’industrie de Bogotá et de Cundinamarca [région entourant Bogotá], on identifie les types d’innovation dominants, et compte tenu de cette réalité on compare a la fois analytique et empiriquement les implications de politiques centrées sur les défaillances du marché dans une perspective évolutive afin de proposer des alternatives pour dynamiser l’innovation. Dans ce contexte, caractérisé par une forte hétérogénéité technologique, des politiques transversales centrées sur la R & D ont une faible couverture, tendent a élargir le gap technologique et contribuent médiocrement a la mise a niveau (upgrading) technologique et compétitive.

Suggested Citation

  • Florentino Malaver Rodríguez & Marisela Vargas Pérez, 2013. "Formas de innovar y sus implicaciones de política: lecciones de una experiencia," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:011064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barro, Robert J & Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 1997. "Technological Diffusion, Convergence, and Growth," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 1-26, March.
    2. K. J. Arrow, 1971. "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: F. H. Hahn (ed.), Readings in the Theory of Growth, chapter 11, pages 131-149, Palgrave Macmillan.
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