Economical and environmental coordinates of Black Sea Region

This paper represents a short analysis of a number of key points that relate to the geographical, socio-economic, institutional and to the ecological conditions of the Black Sea region and the Black Sea Basin. The Black Sea region is steeped in history and culture and forms a vital trading area linking Europe with Asia. It is the world’s largest locked internal sea with a surface area of 423,000 km2 and a unique marine environment. Anthropogenic pressures, associated with the economic situation of the Black Sea countries, has decreased during the last decade, allowing some improvement in the state and biodiversity of the ecosystem. The abundances of several native species have increased. However, mediterranization - the invasion by species from the adjacent basin and beyond-has continued. The conclusion is grounded, that biodiversity is not only inter- and intra-species diversity but also spatial-temporal variability, abundance and productivity dynamics, differences of the metabolic strategies providing sustainable existence in the changing environment. Biodiversity at the intraspecies level expresses itself in spatial and temporal variations of the Black Sea biota. It has been shown, that preservation of the Black Sea ecosystem’s biodiversity must be based on the measures which should be undertaken in national and social spheres, and be directed to the recreation, stabilization and conservation of this unique sea basin