Objectif ZAN : comment prendre en compte les objectifs de non artificialisation des sols dans les schémas d'aménagement régionaux ?

In France, the law on the new territorial organization of the Republic (NOTRe law) of August 7th 2015 obliged the regions to adopt a SRADDET (Regional Planning, Sustainable Development and Territorial Equality Scheme) which is intended to be prescriptive compared to inferior urban planning documents. At the same time, over the past ten years, a goal of zero net land artificialization (ZAN) has been imposed, now made mandatory by the Climate and Resilience Law of August 22nd 2021. In terms of artificialization, a favorable evolution has been noticeable in France for about ten years. As the largest territory of all the countries of the European Union, France is not threatened by massive artificialization. However, it is above the European average in terms of artificialization. The SRADDETs adopted so far are not very prescriptive with regard to sub-regional urban planning documents, particularly in terms of ZAN, but they will now have to set quantified objectives in terms of land artificialization, according to a timetable spread out until 2028. The objective of the ZAN puts the desire for development of all territories in tension against metropolitan concentration. We therefore need to consider how the provisions relating to the ZAN objective adopted in the framework of the Climate and Resilience Law of August 2021 will be taken up in the SRADDETs that need to be revised, and then in the lower urban planning documents. This article presents the process of implementation of the ZAN, analyses the content of the previously adopted SRADDETs and takes stock of the relations and exchanges between the region and the local levels, with a view to the territorialization of the ZAN objective.