Déterminants spatiaux de la vente en circuit court : effets contrastés de l’accessibilité et localisation privilégiée dans les espaces à faible dominante agricole

In the context of the implementation of public policies to develop and support sustainable food systems, this article focuses on the spatial distribution of farms selling all or part of their production in short food supply chains (SFSCs). The objective of the study is to identify econometrically the determining factors of the choice of diversification in SFSCs for farmers, in order to see whether there is an effect of the location of farms on the choice to sell in SFSCs. The method consists of drawing up a typology of territories, taking into account different types of variables of potential accessibility of farms to consumers, and using this typology to study the spatial distribution of farms in SFSCs. Using these variables, we calculate OLS and SDEM models. The results show that in addition to the variables describing the farmers and the farms found in the literature, the variables describing the territories where the farms are located are also decisive in the choice to sell in SFSCs. The territories where there are the highest proportions of SFSCs farms are landlocked rural territories, isolated from consumption areas, as well as very dense peri-urban territories, where accessibility to populations is the highest. The common point of these territories is the low occupation of the land in agriculture, because of the natural constraints for the landlocked rural spaces, and because of land pressures in the dense peri-urban territories. There are thus more SFSCs farms in cantons where agriculture is marginal. This article thus illustrates the effective links between accessibility to large population pools and SFSCs sales in 2010, and a form of resistance of these farms to urbanization (Brinkley, 2018).