La transformation des business models des banques

The article analyses the evolution of banking business models in developed countries over the last 40 years and shows that after the rapid growth of banking activities induced by the deregulation starting in the 80s, the 2008-9 crisis has triggered significant changes in favour of more traditional and less market-oriented models. At the same time, after the increase in cross border exposures before the 2008-9 crisis, internationally oriented business models have been adversely affected by the crisis and the regulatory response has increased convergence. But some differences remain among banks, with some systemic institutions (GSIB or Global Systemically Important Institutions) that have continued their internationalisation. Overall, the relative profitability of universal or more specialised models has varied over time: the performance of retail and universal banking models has improved in the aftermath of the crisis, but they still face some challenges. Classification JEL : F30, F23, G21, G28.