Les territoires réhabilités du Tōhoku face aux enjeux de la reconstruction : entre politique publique et application locale, quelle place pour la résilience ?

The 2011 Great East Japanese Earthquake and tsunami are major events for Japanese society, as well as for architects and urban planners, many of whom are questioning the actions to be taken in the wake of the disaster. The devastated territories of T?hoku are seen by some as a chance to rethink the city from scratch, taking into account the challenges of ?urban resilience?. This contribution aims to illustrate the difficulties encountered by these communities in their pursuit of the ?resilient city?. We will attempt to question general policies, from theory to their local application. First, we will explain the concept of resilience from an institutional and an academic point of view. In the second part, we will compare the guidelines recommended by the United Nations to ?build back better? with the policies implemented by the Japanese government in the aftermath of the disaster. Finally, the third part will discuss the ambiguities of the Japanese term fukk? ?? (reconstruction) as well as its similarities with the term ?resilience?.