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Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content

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  • M. Madaras

    (Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • M. Koubová

    (Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Low application of fertilizer potassium (K) in intensive agriculture leads to a gradual decrease and, afterwards, to a steady state of soil K determined by tests which are based on soil exchangeable K (Kexch) extraction. In this situation, non-exchangeable K (Knon-exch) is being released and therefore real plant availability does not necessarily correspond to soil test K. This incoherency was investigated in 14 agricultural soils with low K as determined by the Mehlich 3 method. Plant-available K released by exhaustive cropping of perennial ryegrass and K determined by the Neubauer seedling test were compared with 8 soil K extraction methods, with the total K content and with the relative content of soil K-bearing minerals. K determined by the ryegrass test (314 mg/kg on average) was more than 3-times higher than K based on Kexch extraction methods, but was from 2 to 3 times lower than K determined by Knon-exch extracting methods. The relative content of mixed-layer phyllosilicates was significantly related to K extracted by soil tests. The relative content of orthoclase correlated only with total K and mica-group minerals with none of the extractions. The best prediction of plant-available K in investigated soils was obtained with sodium tetraphenylboron and StepK methods.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Madaras & M. Koubová, 2015. "Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 61(5), pages 234-239.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:5:id:171-2015-pse
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Madaras & M. Koubová & M. Smatanová, 2014. "Long-term effect of low potassium fertilization on its soil fractions," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(8), pages 358-363.
    2. J. Matula, 2009. "A relationship between multi-nutrient soil tests (Mehlich 3, ammonium acetate, and water extraction) and bioavailability of nutrients from soils for barley," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 55(4), pages 173-180.
    3. M. Madaras & J. Lipavský, 2009. "Interannual dynamics of available potassium in a long-term fertilization experiment," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 55(8), pages 334-343.
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    1. Jiří Balík & Jindřich Černý & Martin Kulhánek & Ondřej Sedlář & Pavel Suran, 2019. "Balance of potassium in two long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(5), pages 225-232.

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