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Winter wheat agronomic traits and nitrate leaching under variable nitrogen fertilization

Author

Listed:
  • I. Sestak

    (Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia)

  • M. Mesic

    (Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Z. Zgorelec

    (Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia)

  • I. Kisic

    (Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia)

  • F. Basic

    (Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

In the long-term field trial on an arable dystric Stagnosols, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in lysimeter water were compared under treatments of 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg/ha of mineral nitrogen (N) during the growth years 1996/97, 1999/00, 2002/03 and 2005/06. Year properties significantly influenced N availability resulting in different responses of grain yield and NUE under variable treatments. Grain yield showed strong significant correlation with the rainfall accumulated from March to May (r = 0.77). In the case of a dry year 2003, winter wheat yield and NUE were adversely influenced by unfavourable climatic conditions. The optimal response of yield and NUE to increasing mineral N rates was found at the amount of 150-200 kg N/ha. Very strong significant correlation between the total amount of leached NO3--N and NUE was found for periods 1999/00 and 2005/06 where, in terms of increasing N levels, lower NUE conditioned higher NO3--N leaching (r = 0.91 and r = 0.94, respectively). According to the shallow depth of groundwater and installation of drainage systems, there is still a risk of freshwater contamination by nitrates if the N rates higher than 200 kg/ha were applied.

Suggested Citation

  • I. Sestak & M. Mesic & Z. Zgorelec & I. Kisic & F. Basic, 2014. "Winter wheat agronomic traits and nitrate leaching under variable nitrogen fertilization," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(9), pages 394-400.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:188-2014-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/188/2014-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. L. Ducsay & O. Ložek, 2004. "Effect of topdressing with nitrogen on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 50(7), pages 309-314.
    2. J. Haberle & P. Svoboda & J. Krejčová, 2006. "Uptake of mineral nitrogen from subsoil by winter wheat," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 52(8), pages 377-384.
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