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Innovation in firms, resilience and the economic downturn: Insights from CIS data in Portugal

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  • Hugo Pinto
  • Tiago Santos Pereira
  • Elvira Uyarra

Abstract

There is an interest in understanding the effect of economic crises such as the one that hit the financial markets in the late 2000s, on the innovation performance of countries and regions. This paper introduces the concept of “resilience of innovation” to illustrate how the economic slowdown affects firms' behaviour in terms of their ability to maintain and develop innovative activities and deploy product and process innovation. Using Portugal as a case study—an EU member‐state that was heavily affected by the economic downturn—this paper explores the data collected from four waves of the Community Innovation Survey from 2006 to 2012. It presents two‐stage limited dependent variable models to understand the changing impacts of structural factors, innovative activities and strategies in terms of exploration and exploitation of knowledge on the development of product and process innovation. We find knowledge exploration to be particularly important for product innovation, while exploitation is a strong determinant for process innovation. Size, market knowledge sources and public funding for innovation are positively associated with both types of innovation in the peak of the crisis. This reiterates the importance of innovation support efforts to mitigate the effects of economic shocks and boost recovery. Existe un interés en comprender el efecto de crisis económicas como la que azotó a los mercados financieros a finales de la década de 2000, en el desempeño de la innovación de los países y regiones. Este artículo introduce el concepto de “resiliencia de la innovación” para ilustrar cómo la desaceleración económica afecta al comportamiento de las empresas en términos de su capacidad para mantener y desarrollar actividades innovadoras y desplegar la innovación de productos y procesos. Tomando a Portugal como estudio de caso –un Estado miembro de la UE que se vio muy afectado por la recesión económica– este documento explora los datos recogidos de las cuatro oleadas de la Encuesta Comunitaria sobre Innovación de 2006 a 2012. Se presentan modelos de variable dependiente limitados de dos etapas para entender los impactos cambiantes de los factores estructurales, las actividades innovadoras y las estrategias en términos de exploración y explotación del conocimiento sobre el desarrollo de la innovación de productos y procesos. Consideramos que la exploración del conocimiento es particularmente importante para la innovación de productos, mientras que la explotación es un factor determinante para la innovación de procesos. El tamaño, las fuentes de conocimiento del mercado y la financiación pública de la innovación se asocian positivamente con ambos tipos de innovación en el punto álgido de la crisis. Esto reitera la importancia de los esfuerzos de apoyo a la innovación para mitigar los efectos de las crisis económicas y estimular la recuperación. 2000年代の後半に金融市場を襲ったような経済危機が、国や地域のイノベーション・パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響を解明することに関心が寄せられている。本稿では、「イノベーションのレジリエンス」という概念を用いて、イノベーション活動を継続し発展させ、プロダクト・イノベーションとプロセス・イノベーションを展開する企業の能力という点から、経済の原則がどのように企業の動向に影響するかを示す。ポルトガルは、経済悪化の大きな影響を受けたEU加盟国であるが、本稿では同国の例を用いたケーススタディにより、2006~2012年に行われたCommunity Innovation Surveyのうちの4回の調査から得られたデータを検討する。プロダクト・イノベーションとプロセス・イノベーションの開発に関する知識の探索と開発という点から、構造的要因、イノベーション活動及び戦略の変化する影響を解明する2段階の制限従属変数モデルを提示した。知識の探索はプロダクト・イノベーションに特に重要であり、一方、開発はプロセス・イノベーションの強い決定要因である。危機がピークに達した時には、規模、市場の知識リソース、イノベーションのための公的資金は、両方のタイプのイノベーションと正の相関を示す。これは、経済ショックの影響の緩和と経済の回復促進において、イノベーションを支援する努力が重要であることを改めて強調するものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Hugo Pinto & Tiago Santos Pereira & Elvira Uyarra, 2019. "Innovation in firms, resilience and the economic downturn: Insights from CIS data in Portugal," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(6), pages 951-967, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:11:y:2019:i:6:p:951-967
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12243
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    Cited by:

    1. Sebastian Aparicio & David Audretsch & David Urbano, 2022. "Governmental Support for Entrepreneurship in Spain: An Institutional Approach," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 243(4), pages 29-49, December.
    2. Dominik Porczyński & Dariusz Wojakowski, 2020. "Borderlands from the resilience perspective: Diversification of state borders in former Austrian Galicia," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(5), pages 793-813, October.
    3. Hugo Pinto & Jorge André Guerreiro & Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, 2023. "Sources of knowledge in the firm: a review on influential, internal and contextual factors in innovation dynamics," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(2), pages 1-32, February.
    4. Michal Hrivnák & Peter Moritz & Marcela Chreneková, 2021. "What Kept the Boat Afloat? Sustainability of Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Sectors Due to Government Measures during COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.

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