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Health Differences at Birth between Roma and non‐Roma Children in Hungary: Long‐run Trends and Decomposition

Author

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  • Tamás Hajdu
  • Gábor Kertesi
  • Gábor Kézdi

Abstract

This paper uses birth records linked to census data to document health differences at birth between Roma and non-Roma children in Hungary between 1981 and 2010. It focuses on differences in average birth weight and average gestational age, as well as the likelihood of low birth weight and the likelihood of preterm birth. The paper shows large gaps in all indicators over the 30 years, with a small narrowing of the gap in absolute terms but not in relative terms. Roma mothers are twice as likely to give birth to babies with low birth weight and before the 37th week. Standard decompositions show that around 80% of the gap is explained by socioeconomic factors, and education alone explains more than half. Despite significant changes in society, the explanatory power of education and other factors remains constant. Narrowing the gap in educational attainment, especially at higher levels, may have the highest potential to improve the relative health of Roma births.
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Suggested Citation

  • Tamás Hajdu & Gábor Kertesi & Gábor Kézdi, 2019. "Health Differences at Birth between Roma and non‐Roma Children in Hungary: Long‐run Trends and Decomposition," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 45(3), pages 631-657, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:popdev:v:45:y:2019:i:3:p:631-657
    DOI: 10.1111/padr.12276
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    Cited by:

    1. Marianna BATTAGLIA & Bastien CHABÉ-FERRET & Lara LEBEDINSKI, 2021. "Segregation, fertility, and son preference: the case of the Roma in Serbia," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 87(2), pages 233-260, June.
    2. Horn, Dániel & Lindner, Attila, 2022. "Kézdi Gábor (1971-2021) [Gábor Kézdi (1971-2021)]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(11), pages 1245-1254.
    3. Mohammed Merzah & Zsigmond Kósa & János Sándor & Shewaye Natae & Péter Pikó & Róza Ádány & Szilvia Fiatal, 2021. "Roma Socioeconomic Status Has a Higher Impact on Smoking Behaviour than Genetic Susceptibility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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