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Pricetakers' Plenty: A Neglected Benefit of Capitalism

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  • TIBOR SCITOVSKY

Abstract

SUMMARY Capitalists in the pricemaker's position protect the pricetakers facing them from being buffeted by economic fluctuations, and competition among them provides pricetakers with market information and other valuable marketing facilities not provided under perfect competition. The nature of all those benefits and the conditions that favored their creation in product markets are analyzed, and the reasons why they failed to develop in labor markets and why the employers’ position as pricemakers has been resented and largely eliminated are explored. Finally, Weitzman's important proposal to introduce Japanese‐type profit‐sharing wage contracts as a means of securing all the benefits of employers’ domination of the labor market without its costs is shortly summarized. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Besteht für eine der Marktseiten die Möglichkeit als Preissetzer aufzutreten, so entstehen der preisnehmenden Marktseite verschiedene Vorteile: Zum einen werden dadurch die wirtschaftlichen Schwankungen stark gedämpft, zu anderen führt die Konkurrenz zwischen den Preissetzern zu mehr Marktinformationen und zu einem Angebot verschiedener Marketingleistungen, die bei vollkommenem Wettbewerb nicht bereitgestellt wiirden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Art dieser Vorteile und die Bedingungen, die für ihr Zustandekommen in einem Produktemarkt verantwort‐lich sind, analysiert. Danach werden die Gründe hergeleitet, weshalb sie sich auf dem Arbeitsmarkt nicht einstellen und weshalb den Arbeitgebern die Rolle als Preissetzer veriibelt wird. Zum Schluss wird kurz Weitzmans Vorschlag zusammengefasst, der, nach japanischem Muster, eine Verankerung der Gewinnbeteiligung im Arbeitsver‐trag vorsieht. Damit sollen die Vorteile der Arbeitgeberdominanz auf dem Arbeitsmarkt bewahrt werden, ohne dies mit hohen Kosten zu erkaufen. RÉSUMÉ Les capitalistes qui fixent les prix protègent les acheteurs des à‐coups consécutifs aux fluctuations économiques. La concurrence entre les premiers fournit à ces derniers une information sur le marché, ainsi que ďautres éléments marketing très utiles, qui n'existent pas en concurrence parfaite. Cette étude analyse la nature de tous ces avantages et les conditions qui ont favorisé leur apparition sur les marchés. Ľauteur essaie de comprendre pourquoi ces avantages ne se sont pas étendus au marché du travail. II explique ainsi pourquoi la position des employeurs est mal perçue lorsqu'ils fixent le montant des salaires. Ľarticle se termine par un résume rapide des propositions fort intéressantes de Weitzman: ľintroduction de contrat de travail avec participation aux bénéfices, comme au Japon, permettant de garder tous les avantages de la prééminence des employeurs sur le marché du travail, et ďen supprimer les inconvénients.

Suggested Citation

  • Tibor Scitovsky, 1985. "Pricetakers' Plenty: A Neglected Benefit of Capitalism," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(4), pages 517-536, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:38:y:1985:i:4:p:517-536
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1985.tb01244.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Kornai, János, 2010. "Hiánygazdaság - többletgazdaság. Tanulmány a piac elméletéről - II. rész [Shortage economy - surplus economy. A study on market theory II]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(12), pages 1021-1044.
    2. János Kornai & Collegium Budapést, 1995. "Eliminating the shortage economy: a general analysis and examination of the dévelopments in Hungary: Part," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 3(2), pages 149-168, June.
    3. Vahabi,Mehrdad, 2019. "The Political Economy of Predation," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107591370.

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