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Freiwilligengruppen als Problem der ökonomischen Klubtheorie

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  • Christoph Badelt

Abstract

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Bereitstellung von Gütern und Dienstleistungen durch ≪Freiwilligengruppen≫, die als ≪Klubs≫ im Sinne der Public Choice‐Theorie aufgefasst werden. Es wird eine theoretische Erklärung vorgeschlagen, warum Individuen eine Freiwilligengruppe gründen und sich nicht für eine institutionelie Alternative, zum Beispiel ein gewinnorientiertes Unternehmen, entscheiden. Haupterklärungsgründe für diese Wahl sind der Nutzen, den Mitglieder von Freiwilligengruppen infolge ihrer Wahlentscheidung zusätzlich zu jenem aus dem Konsum des Klubguts ziehen, Transaktionskostengesichtspunkte, Vertrauensaspekte im Zusammenhang mit asymmetrischer Information und qualitative Unterschiede, die mit der institutionellen Form der Erbringung einer Leistung verbunden sind. Für manche Formen von Freiwilligengruppen werden altruistische Präferenzen in die Erkläng miteinbezogen. This paper focuses on the provision of goods and services by volunteer groups which are conceived of as ‘clubs’ in the sense of public choice theory. The paper suggests a theoretical rationale for why the form of a volunteer group is chosen among other institutional alternatives, e. g. for‐profit‐firms. The key point is that members of volunteer groups do not only consume the club good which is provided by the group, but gain additional benefits from the mere fact of participation in the group's work. These benefits are not completely offset by transaction costs, which are likely to be comparatively higher in volunteer groups than in institutional alternatives. In addition, trust aspects ‐ which are important because of asymmetrical information ‐ and differences in the quality of services between institutional alternatives play an important role. For certain types of volunteer groups it is also demonstrated how the concept of altruism can be integrated in an explanation of the institutional choice decision. Cette contribution traite de l'offre des biens et services par des ≪associations d'action volontaire≫. Il est possible d'interpréter ces associations comme des groupements ≪cclubs≫ dans le sens donnt par la thkorie des choix publics. L'article propose une explication thérique pourquoi des individus fondent un groupe d'action volontaire au lieu de s'orienter vers d'autres possibilités institutionnelles comme, par exemple, une entreprise organisée selon le principe de la recherche de bénéfices. Parmi les raisons majeures expliquant un tel choix il faut citer les suivantes: Les membres d'une association d'action volontaire tirent des avantages en sus de la consommation des biens propres offerts par le groupement. Ces avantages semblent persister mȩme aprè avoir tenu compte des cou̧ts de transactions qui sont vraisemblablement plus élevés dans ces groupements que dans des institutions traditionnelles. Au‐delá, le probléme de la confiance semble ȩtre particulièrement important ȩ cause de l'information asymétrique. Finalement, il faut considérer les difftrences qualitatives dans la production de biens et services au cadre de différentes institutions. Pour ce qui est de la structure du choix institutionnel ou peut se référer aussi au concept d'altruisme.

Suggested Citation

  • Christoph Badelt, 1984. "Freiwilligengruppen als Problem der ökonomischen Klubtheorie," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(1), pages 59-81, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:37:y:1984:i:1:p:59-81
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1984.tb00740.x
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