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Standards Und Steuern Als Instrumente Gegen Die Verschmutzung Der Umwelt

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  • Rigmar Osterkamp

Abstract

In der Literatur zur Umweltökonomie werden zahlreiche Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Instrumenten Standards and Steuern behauptet; so etwa bezüglich der statischen and dynamischen Eflizienz, der Überwachungskosten, der Sicherheit der Reaktion auf ein eingesetztes umweltpolitisches Instrument usw. Einigedieser Unterschiede werden hier kritisch analysiert. Das Ergebnis ist, dass häufig (ausser im Fall der bekannten statischen allokativen Ineffizienz von Standards) unzulässige Vergleiche angestellt werden and die Unterschiede bei korrekter Analyse verschwinden. Aberes wird auch eine Situation beschrieben, in der sich Standards and Steuern tatsächlich voneinander unterscheiden and in der die Wahl des richtigen Instruments wichtig ist. The literature on Environmental Economics knows numerous alleged differences between effluent standards and effluent charges (e.g.: static and dynamic efficiency, supervising costs, degree of certainty in realizing the environmental targets, etc.). Some of them are critically discussed here. The result is that most of the differences (except the well‐known static allocative inefficiency of standards) are the outcome of having made wrong comparisons. But one situation is specified in which the difference is real and in which it is essential to use the right instrument. Les économistes spécialisés en politique d'environnement soutiennent de nombreuses différences entre les deux instruments, standards et taxes, par exemple en ce qui concerne I'efficacité statique et dynamique, les coûts du contrôle, la sécurité de la réaction à un instrument de la politique d'environnement. Danscet article quelques‐unes de ces differences sont analysées. Il en résulte que souvent (sauf clans le cas de I'inefficacité allocative statique des standards) des cornparaisons inadmissibles sont faites et qu'une analyse correcte fait disparaître les différences. En outre cet article contient la description d'une situation où les standards et les taxes diffèrent réellement et où le choix de I'instrument correct se révèle important.

Suggested Citation

  • Rigmar Osterkamp, 1978. "Standards Und Steuern Als Instrumente Gegen Die Verschmutzung Der Umwelt," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 235-257, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:31:y:1978:i:2:p:235-257
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1978.tb00797.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Yves Steinebach, 2022. "Instrument choice, implementation structures, and the effectiveness of environmental policies: A cross‐national analysis," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(1), pages 225-242, January.
    2. Siebert, Horst, 1981. "Praktische Schwierigkeiten bei der Steuerung der Umweltnutzung über Preise," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 3581, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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