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Zur Ökonomischen Theorie Des Foderalismus

Author

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  • Manfred Neumann

Abstract

Durch den Föderalismus wird sichergestellt, class in einer heterogenen Gesellschaft das Angebot von öffentlichen Gütern durch den Grundsatz der Souveränitat der Bürger bestimmt werden kann. Im Modell der reinen Demokratie kommt eine solche föderative Struktur spontan zustande. Die konkurrierende Parteien auf den oberen föderativen Ebenen können durch eine Reduktion des Umfangs ihrer Programme die Unterstützung von Minoritäten gewinnen, ohne ihre bisherigen Anhänger zu verlieren, deren Bedürfnisse jetzt auf anderen föderativen Ebenen befriedigt werden. Schliesslich werden alle Entscheidungen einstimmig gefasst; daher ist das zustande gekommene Gleichgewicht Pareto‐optimal. Durch das Prinzip der Einstimmigkeit wird die Grenze des Angebots der verschiedenen öffentlichen Giiter determiniert. Federalism guarantees that in a heterogeneous society the supply of public goods can be governed by the principle of citizens' sovereignty. In a model of pure democracy a federalistic structure of this sort will be spontaneously generated. The competing parties on the upper federal level can, by reducing the comprehensiveness of their programs, win the support of minorities without losing the support of their adherents, whose wants are henceforth satisfied on other federal levels. Eventually, at all issues an unanimous agreement is reached. Hence, the ensuing equilibrium is Pareto‐optimal. By the principle of unanimity the limits of the supplies of the various public goods are determined. Le fédéralisme garantit le fait que, clans une société hétérogène, l'offre de biens publics peut être déterminée par le fondement de la souveraineté des citoyens. Dans le modèle de la démocratic pure, une telle structure fédérale peut apparaitre de faÇon spontanée. Les partis en présence peuvent, à un niveau supérieur du fédéralisme, grâce à une réduction de l'étendue de leur programme, gagner le soutien de certaines minorités sans pour autant perdre leurs sympathisants dont les besoins seront désormais satisfaits à un autre niveau du fédéralisme. Enfin toutes les décisions seront prises à l'unanimité; ainsi donc l'équilibre qui en résulte sera un équilibre optimum selon Pareto. C'est en fait le principe de l'unanimité qui détermine la limite de l'offre des différents biens publics.

Suggested Citation

  • Manfred Neumann, 1971. "Zur Ökonomischen Theorie Des Foderalismus," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 493-510, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:24:y:1971:i:3:p:493-510
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1971.tb00616.x
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