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The Performance of Hedge Funds: Risk, Return, and Incentives

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Author Info
Carl Ackermann (College of Business Administration, University of Notre Dame,)
Richard McEnally (Kenan-Flagler Business School, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)
David Ravenscraft (Kenan-Flagler Business School, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)
Abstract

Hedge funds display several interesting characteristics that may influence performance, including: flexible investment strategies, strong managerial incentives, substantial managerial investment, sophisticated investors, and limited government oversight. Using a large sample of hedge fund data from 1988-1995, we find that hedge funds consistently outperform mutual funds, but not standard market indices. Hedge funds, however, are more volatile than both mutual funds and market indices. Incentive fees explain some of the higher performance, but not the increased total risk. The impact of six data-conditioning biases is explored. We find evidence that positive and negative survival-related biases offset each other. Copyright The American Finance Association 1999.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by American Finance Association in its journal The Journal of Finance.

Volume (Year): 54 (1999)
Issue (Month): 3 (06)
Pages: 833-874
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Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:54:y:1999:i:3:p:833-874

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  1. Mila Getmansky & Andrew W. Lo & Igor Makarov, 2003. "An Econometric Model of Serial Correlation and Illiquidity in Hedge Fund Returns," NBER Working Papers 9571, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. John Kambhu & Til Schuermann & Kevin J. Stiroh, 2007. "Hedge funds, financial intermediation, and systemic risk," Staff Reports 291, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Dean P. Foster & H. Peyton Young, 2008. "The Hedge Fund Game: Incentives, Excess Returns, and Piggy-Backing," Economics Series Working Papers 378, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  4. Baquero, G. & Verbeek, M.J.C.M, 2005. "A Portrait of Hedge Fund Investors: Flows, Performance and Smart Money," Research Paper ERS-2005-068-F&A Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
  5. Christiansen, Claus Bang & Madsen, Peter Brink & Christensen, Michael, 2003. "Further Evidence on Hedge Funds Performance," Finance Working Papers 03-5, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
  6. Nicole M. Boyson & Christof W. Stahel & Rene M. Stulz, 2006. "Is There Hedge Fund Contagion?," NBER Working Papers 12090, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Peyton Young & Dean P Foster, 2008. "The Hedge Fund Game," Economics Papers 2008-W01, Economics Group, Nuffield College, University of Oxford. [Downloadable!]
  8. NGUYEN-THI-THANH Huyen, 2007. "On the use of data envelopment analysis in hedge fund performance appraisal," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2006 131, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Stulz, Rene M., 2007. "Hedge Funds: Past, Present, and Future," Working Paper Series 2007-3, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics. [Downloadable!]
  10. Huyen Nguyen-Thi-Thanh, 2006. "Quantitative selection of hedge funds using data envelopment analysis," Post-Print halshs-00067742_v2, HAL. [Downloadable!]
  11. Nicholas Chan & Mila Getmansky & Shane M. Haas & Andrew W. Lo, 2005. "Systemic Risk and Hedge Funds," NBER Working Papers 11200, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. David J. Brophy & Paige P. Ouimet & Clemens Sialm, 2004. "PIPE Dreams? The Performance of Companies Issuing Equity Privately," NBER Working Papers 11011, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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