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Gender Pay Gaps In The Former Soviet Union: A Review Of The Evidence

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  • Tamar Khitarishvili

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to examine the patterns and movements of the gender pay gaps in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU) and to place them in the context of advanced economies. We survey over 30 publications and conduct a meta‐analysis of this literature. Gender pay gaps in the region are considerable and above the levels observed in advanced economies. Similar to advanced economies, industrial and occupational segregation widen the gaps in the FSU countries, whereas gender differences in educational attainment tend to shrink them. However, a much higher proportion of the gaps remains unexplained, pointing toward the role of unobserved gender differences related to actual and perceived productivity. Over the last 25 years, the gaps contracted in most FSU countries, primarily due to the reduction in the unexplained portion. Behind the contraction at the mean are different movements in the gap across the pay distribution. Although the glass‐ceiling effect has diminished in some FSU countries, it has persisted in others. We investigate the reasons underlying these findings and argue that the developments in the FSU region shed new light on our understanding of the gender pay gaps.

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  • Tamar Khitarishvili, 2019. "Gender Pay Gaps In The Former Soviet Union: A Review Of The Evidence," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 1257-1284, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jecsur:v:33:y:2019:i:4:p:1257-1284
    DOI: 10.1111/joes.12321
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    Cited by:

    1. Madhurima Basu & Anubha Shekhar Sinha, 2021. "The Glass-Ceiling Phenomenon: A Literature Review and Research AgendaAbstract: In a patriarchal society with values that are mostly male-dominated, it is indeed difficult for a woman to secure a deser," Working papers 425, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode.
    2. Inés Berniell & Lucila Berniell & Dolores de la Mata & María Edo & Yarine Fawaz & Matilde P. Machado & Mariana Marchionni, 2020. "Motherhood and the Allocation of Talent," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0270, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    3. Altantsetseg Batchuluun, 2021. "The gender wage gap in Mongolia: Sectoral segregation as a driving factor," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(3), pages 1437-1465, August.
    4. Ksenia V. Rozhkova & Natalya Yemelina & Sergey Yu. Roshchin, 2021. "Can Non-Cognitive Skills Explain The Gender Wage Gap In Russia? An Unconditional Quantile Regression Approach," HSE Working papers WP BRP 252/EC/2021, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    5. Gashi Ardiana & Adnett Nick, 2020. "Are Women Really Paid More than Men in Kosovo? Unpicking the Evidence," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 15(2), pages 83-95, December.

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