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City versus Metropolis: The Northern League in the Milan Metropolitan Area

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  • John Agnew
  • Michael Shin
  • Giuseppe Bettoni

Abstract

Entire metropolitan areas are often seen as fundamental components of the emerging global space–economy. The national and global roles of central cities, however, may lead them in fundamentally different economic and political directions from their hinterlands if the functions of the cities are decreasingly complementary to those of their surrounding areas. In particular, the political complexions of city and hinterland may come to reflect different cultural and economic orientations as a result of divergence in political–economic trajectories between the two. This possibility is explored using the example of the northern Italian city of Milan and its hinterland, taken as the provinces of Bergamo, Como, Lecco and Varese, and the rest of the province of Milan outside of the city with respect to geographical patterns of support for the regionalist/separatist movement, the Northern League, over the course of three national elections: 1992, 1994 and 1996. Putatively a movement representing the interests of northern Italy as a whole, the Northern League’s stands on issues tended increasingly to represent the identities and interests of the small manufacturing firms that dominate part of the fringe of the metropolitan area, whereas Milan itself has an economic base of advanced services and national–oriented manufacturing firms that would lead to the expectation of a very different political orientation. Analysis of election returns suggests a divergence between city and hinterland that is in large part accounted for by their distinctive economic trajectories. There is no simple identity between a city and its metropolis. On considère souvent des zones métropolitaines entières comme des composantes fondamentales de l’espace économique mondial naissant. Les rôles nationaux et planétaires des grandes villes centrales peuvent toutefois les pousser dans des directions économiques et politiques totalement différentes de leur arrière–pays si leur fonction perd de sa complémentarité par rapport à leur zone environnante. Les aspects politiques de la ville et de l’arrière–pays peuvent notamment finir par traduire des orientations économiques et culturelles distinctes è la suite d’une divergence dans leurs trajectoires politico–économiques respectives. Cette possibilité est étudiée au travers de l’exemple de Milan, ville du nord de l’Italie, et de son arrière–pays (couvrant les provinces de Bergame, Côme, Lecco, Varèse et le reste de la province de Milan extérieur à la ville) en s’attachant à la carte géographique des partisans du mouvement régionaliste et séparatiste de la Ligue du Nord au cours de trois élections nationales (1992, 1994 et 1996). Ce mouvement, supposé traduire les intérÁts de toute l’Italie du Nord, a penché de plus en plus souvent pour des positions représentant les identités et intérÁts des petites industries qui dominent partiellement la périphérie de la zone métropolitaine, alors que la base économique de Milan se compose de services de pointe et d’entreprises industrielles d’envergure nationale laissant supposer une orientation politique toute différente. Une analyse des résultats des élections révèle une divergence entre ville et arrière–pays, en grande partie justifiée par leurs axes économiques distincts. Il n’existe pas d’identité simple entre une ville et sa métropole.

Suggested Citation

  • John Agnew & Michael Shin & Giuseppe Bettoni, 2002. "City versus Metropolis: The Northern League in the Milan Metropolitan Area," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 266-283, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:26:y:2002:i:2:p:266-283
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00379
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    Cited by:

    1. Eleonora Mastropietro, 2012. "The urban response to a need for change: the case of Milan," Chapters, in: Peter Karl Kresl & Daniele Ietri (ed.), European Cities and Global Competitiveness, chapter 13, pages 243-258, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Sara González, 2009. "(Dis)connecting Milan(ese): Deterritorialised Urbanism and Disempowering Politics in Globalising Cities," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 41(1), pages 31-47, January.
    3. Corina-Florina Tătar & Iulian Dincă & Ribana Linc & Marius I. Stupariu & Liviu Bucur & Marcu Simion Stașac & Stelian Nistor, 2023. "Oradea Metropolitan Area as a Space of Interspecific Relations Triggered by Physical and Potential Tourist Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.

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