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The Ambiguous Terrain of Rights: Civic Stratification in Italy's Emergent Immigration Regime

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  • Lydia Morris

Abstract

In a period marked by heightened interest in the domain of rights, this article focuses on the delivery of rights with respect to cross‐national migrants and, in particular, on the position of non‐EU migrants in Italy. Italy is chosen as a special case, having moved quickly and recently to establish a regime of both rights and controls with respect to migration, culminating in its 1998 legislation. The article considers the emerging picture of rights, alongside impediments to their realization, and a set of associated ambiguities related to delivery and implementation. The outcome is viewed as a pattern of stratified rights – or ‘civic stratification’– which operates along both formal and informal dimensions. Underpinning this picture is a hybrid system whose chief characteristics are: a bureaucratized framework of rights and controls; the permeation of this formal system with informal practices; and the continuing presence of irregular migrants. For them, reasonable chances of clandestine employment and last‐resort provisions are the basis of a survival existence not rooted in formal rights, but subject to minimal formal control. Dans une période marquée par un regain d'intér?t dans le domaine des droits, cet article s'attache à la signification de ceux‐ci auprès des migrants transnationaux et, notamment, à la situation des migrants non‐ressortissants de l'UE en Italie. Ce pays est choisi comme cas particulier puisqu'il est passé rapidement et récemment à un régime de droits et de contrôles vis‐à‐vis de la migration, aboutissant à la législation de 1998. L'article examine le tableau des droits qui se dessine, parallèlement aux obstacles à leur concrétisation, tout en étudiant un ensemble d'ambiguïtés connexes liées à leur signification et leur mise en application. Il dépeint les droits comme un motif en couches – ou ‘stratification civique’– fonctionnant à la fois dans le sens officiel et officieux. Etayant cette représentation, se trouve un système hybride dont les principales caractéristiques sont un cadre bureaucratisé de droits et de contrôles, l'infiltration dans ce système officiel de pratiques officieuses, et la présence persistante de migrants irréguliers. Ces derniers se fondent sur des chances raisonnables de trouver un travail clandestin et de bénéficier de dispositions de dernier recours pour une survie qui ne s'appuie pas alors sur la légalité, mais dépend d'un contrôle officiel minimal.

Suggested Citation

  • Lydia Morris, 2001. "The Ambiguous Terrain of Rights: Civic Stratification in Italy's Emergent Immigration Regime," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(3), pages 497-516, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:25:y:2001:i:3:p:497-516
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00326
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    Cited by:

    1. Angela Paparusso, 2019. "Studying Immigrant Integration Through Self-Reported Life Satisfaction in the Country of Residence," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 14(2), pages 479-505, April.
    2. Angela Paparusso & Tineke Fokkema & Elena Ambrosetti, 2017. "Immigration Policies in Italy: Their Impact on the Lives of First-Generation Moroccan and Egyptian Migrants," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 499-546, May.
    3. Yvonne Riaño & Doris Wastl-Walter, 2006. "Immigration Policies, State Discourses on Foreigners, and the Politics of Identity in Switzerland," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 38(9), pages 1693-1713, September.

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