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The Balance of Payments and International Investment Position of Spain in 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Álvarez
  • Pana Alves
  • Roberto Badás
  • César Martín

Abstract

On balance of payments statistics, in 2021 Spain's net lending amounted to 1.8% of GDP (1.2% in 2020). This increase mainly reflected the partial recovery in the travel surplus, thanks to the improvement in the epidemiological situation prompted by the headway in vaccination, and the widening of the capital account surplus, boosted by the credits corresponding to Next Generation EU. This countered the deterioration in the goods deficit, against the backdrop of the rising energy bill. Meanwhile, Spain's negative net international investment position decreased significantly (to 70.4% of GDP, its lowest level since 2006), thanks to the positive financial transactions with the rest of the world and, to a greater degree, GDP growth and the increase in value of external financial assets. Conversely, Spain's gross external debt reached another all-time high (€2,329 billion) due to the assumption of new liabilities, particularly by general government and the Banco de España. However, it fell as a percentage of GDP thanks to economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Álvarez & Pana Alves & Roberto Badás & César Martín, 2022. "The Balance of Payments and International Investment Position of Spain in 2021," Economic Bulletin, Banco de España, issue 3/2022.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:journl:y:2022:i:03:d:aa:n:17
    Note: Analytical Articles
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    File URL: https://www.bde.es/f/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/InformesBoletinesRevistas/ArticulosAnaliticos/22/T3/Files/be2203-art17e.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alejandro Buesa & Coral García & Iván Kataryniuk & César Martín-Machuca & Susana Moreno & Moritz Roth, 2020. "Brexit: situation and economic consequences," Economic Bulletin, Banco de España, issue 4/2020.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    net lending; current account; financial transactions; foreign direct investment; TARGET balances; international investment position; foreign debt; NGEU; SURE; SDRs.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General

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