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Contribution of the nurses' health studies to uncovering risk factors for type 2 diabetes: diet, lifestyle, biomarkers, and genetics

Author

Listed:
  • Ley, S.H.
  • Korat, A.V.A.
  • Sun, Q.
  • Tobias, D.K.
  • Zhang, C.
  • Qi, L.
  • Willett, W.C.
  • Manson, J.E.
  • Hu, F.B.

Abstract

Objectives.To review the contribution of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the NHS II to addressing hypotheses regarding risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Methods. We carried out a narrative review of 1976 to 2016 NHS and NHS II publications. Results. The NHS and NHS II have uncovered important roles in type 2 diabetes for individual nutrients, foods, dietary patterns, and physical activity independent of excess body weight.Up to 90% of type 2 diabetes cases are potentially preventable if individuals follow a healthy diet and lifestyle. The NHS investigations have also identified novel biomarkers for diabetes, including adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, nutrition metabolites, and environmental pollutants, offering new insights into the pathophysiology of the disease. Global collaborative efforts have uncovered many common genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes and improved our understanding of gene- environment interactions. Continued efforts to identify epigenetic, metagenomic, and metabolomic risk factors for type 2 diabetes have the potential to reveal new pathways and improve prediction and prevention. Conclusions. Over the past several decades, the NHS and NHS II have made major contributions to public health recommendations and strategies designed to reduce the global burden of diabetes.

Suggested Citation

  • Ley, S.H. & Korat, A.V.A. & Sun, Q. & Tobias, D.K. & Zhang, C. & Qi, L. & Willett, W.C. & Manson, J.E. & Hu, F.B., 2016. "Contribution of the nurses' health studies to uncovering risk factors for type 2 diabetes: diet, lifestyle, biomarkers, and genetics," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(9), pages 1624-1630.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303314_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303314
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    Cited by:

    1. Heeja Jung & Hyunju Dan & Yanghee Pang & Bohye Kim & Hyunseon Jeong & Jung Eun Lee & Oksoo Kim, 2020. "Association between Dietary Habits, Shift Work, and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Korea Nurses’ Health Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Nicholas G Morehouse & Kate Bauer & Vasuki Wijendran & Pei-Ra Ling & Charles Marsland & Stacey J Bell, 2019. "Use of Nutrient-Dense Functional Foods in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 12(2), pages 38-43, October.
    3. Michał Czapla & Raúl Juárez-Vela & Anna Rozensztrauch & Piotr Karniej & Izabella Uchmanowicz & Iván Santolalla-Arnedo & Alicja Baska, 2021. "Psychometric Properties and Cultural Adaptation of the Polish Version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-9, August.

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