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Tourism, Trade and Self-employment Growth in West Africa: Evidence from Ghana, Nigeria and Cote d'Ivoire

Author

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  • Jimoh Olakunle Saka

    (Department of Economics, Lagos State University, Ojo (Nigeria))

Abstract

This study attempts to evaluate the relationship between tourism and trade and self-employment growth in Ghana, Nigeria and Cote d'Ivoire using a time series data spanning the period 1991-2019. In this study, an applied GMM approach was employed. Results show that export and import trade, development assistance and personal remittance flows significantly spur self-employment during the study period while indicators of tourism activities represented by the number of tourist arrivals retard growth of self-employment but increase export trade in these countries. On this basis, the business atmosphere and infrastructural facilities should be improved to sufficiently boost the relationship between trade and tourism and hence spur self-employment growth in these countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Jimoh Olakunle Saka, 2021. "Tourism, Trade and Self-employment Growth in West Africa: Evidence from Ghana, Nigeria and Cote d'Ivoire," Management & Economics Research Journal, Faculty of Economics, Commercial and Management Sciences, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa, vol. 3(1), pages 44-59, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:alv:journl:v:3:y:2021:i:1:p:44-59
    DOI: 10.48100/merj.2021.155
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tourism; Trade; Self-employment; GMM;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Z30 - Other Special Topics - - Tourism Economics - - - General
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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