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Electrificación dirigida por el Estado. El rol del sector público en la electrificación de la industria chilena, 1939-1955

Author

Listed:
  • Martín Garrido-Lepe

    (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

Abstract

La electrificación industrial de mediados del siglo XX fue un proceso decisivo para la indutrialización chilena. Desarrollar una industria competitiva implicaba una modernización consistente en la incorporación del motor eléctrico a la producción, incrementando con ello el consumo eléctrico. En medio de este proceso, las empresas eléctricas atravesaron la peor crisis de su historia, lo que provocó extensos períodos de restricciones al suministro eléctrico que se concentraron en las provincias que lideraban la industrialización: Santiago y Valparaíso. En cambio, sustanciales inversiones del sector público incrementaron la disponibilidad de electricidad en las provincias sureñas, permitiendo un aumento sostenido del consumo eléctrico industrial. Comparando el desempeño de la industria en dos provincias del sur (Concepción y Ñuble) y dos provincias del centro (Santiago y Valparaíso), se sostiene que la disponibiilidad de electricidad, generada por el sector público, fue determinante en la modernización de la industria sureña, permitiéndole alcanzar mayores niveles de productividad laboral que la industria del centro del país. KEY Classification-JEL: N66; N76; O13; Q43

Suggested Citation

  • Martín Garrido-Lepe, 2023. "Electrificación dirigida por el Estado. El rol del sector público en la electrificación de la industria chilena, 1939-1955," Investigaciones de Historia Económica - Economic History Research (IHE-EHR), Journal of the Spanish Economic History Association, Asociación Española de Historia Económica, vol. 19(01), pages 45-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:ahe:invest:v:19:y:2023:i:01:p:45-61
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.33231/j.ihe.2023.01.001
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Electrificación; Industrialización; Consumo energético; Modernización industrial;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N66 - Economic History - - Manufacturing and Construction - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N76 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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