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Análisis de competitividad de la industria agroalimentaria en México

Author

Listed:
  • Andrés González-Moralejo, Silvia
  • Marín Orantes, Tania J.
  • Flores Romero, Martha B.

Abstract

This work provides a diagnosis of the position, in terms of competitiveness, of the export flows of the Mexican food industry compared to the total flows of the world food industry, in the 2001-2016 period. The analysis was made based on the measurements of the revealed comparative advantage, by applying the Indices of Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage of Yu, Cai and Leung (heir to the well-known Balassa Index), and of Vollrath’s Relative Commercial Advantage, using the flow of manufactured food (exports and imports) from Mexico and the rest of the world offered by the International Trade Map database. Its methodological design is oriented to the collection and analysis of relevant data, and it is repeatable in time and space. The results suggest that the Mexican food industry has a comparative advantage in 13 of the 44 tariff items analyzed. Thus, the research concluded that the country is specialized in decreasing order in the following food items: malt beer, ethyl alcohol, confectionery, bakery and pastry products, sugars, fruit juices, preserved vegetables and fruits, cereal-based products, yeasts, sauces and chocolate. In addition, the results also allow to identify the location of the least competitive sectors, which helps to plan rational business decisions and coordinate public actions, as well as to compare the successful experiences of each sector and to analyze its adaptability to other sectors and territories. In this sense, the main limitation found is that data on Mexican food imports and exports are only available for the country as a whole, which ruled out a state-by-state analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés González-Moralejo, Silvia & Marín Orantes, Tania J. & Flores Romero, Martha B., 2021. "Análisis de competitividad de la industria agroalimentaria en México," Agroalimentaria Journal - Revista Agroalimentaria, Centro de Investigaciones Agroalimentarias, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, Universidad de los Andes, vol. 27(52), December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:veagro:316908
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.316908
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Run Yu & Junning Cai & PingSun Leung, 2009. "The normalized revealed comparative advantage index," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 43(1), pages 267-282, March.
    2. Carraresi, Laura & Banterle, Alessandro, 2015. "Agri-food Competitive Performance in EU Countries: A Fifteen-Year Retrospective," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 18(2), pages 1-26, May.
    3. Eric C. Y. Ng & Ying Chu Ng, 2016. "What explains the total factor productivity gap between OECD economies and the U.S.?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(32), pages 3005-3019, July.
    4. Claudio Candia & Medardo Aguirre & Natalia Correa & María J. Herrera, 2016. "La productividad total de factores en el sector manufacturero chileno," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 18(35), pages 229-255, July-Dece.
    5. Thomas Vollrath, 1991. "A theoretical evaluation of alternative trade intensity measures of revealed comparative advantage," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 127(2), pages 265-280, June.
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