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Perspectivas para las politicas de gestion de riesgos y crisis en la agricultura de la Union Europea

Author

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  • Cafiero, Carlo

Abstract

Este articulo reflexiona sobre los principales temas en torno al reciente debate sobre la gestion de riesgos y crisis agrarias. El objetivo del analisis es identificar las politicas mas probables de ser asoptadas en el corto plazo y proponer algunas refleciones sobre perspectivas alternativas que puedan ser utiles para informar el proceso de aprobacion de las politicas. El articulo comienza tratando de responder a las preguntas relevantes, como son: ha aumentado realmente el riesgo global de las rentas agrarias en los ultimos tiempos, especialmente como consecuencia de las reformas politicas en la mayoria de los paises desarrollados? Cuales son los objectivos de la politica de gestion de riesgos en la agricultura? La eficiencia, la equidad o ambas? Posteriormente, se persente una nueva perspectiva sobre las politicas de gestion de riesgos en forma de solidaridad ex-ante y se menciona el papel que los instrumentos financieros podrian desempenar para asegurar transaccions de riesgos efectivas, acompanados de otras funciones potenciales de la accion publica. Las princiaples conclusiones son que se deberia hacer una distincion clara entre riesgos normales empresariales y sucesos excepcionales que pueden devenir en crisis. Mientras que los primeros pueden ser eficientemente gestionados por medio de actuaciones en el estricto ambito privado, los segundos requeririan una intervencion publica activa para siperar el probable fracaso de los mecanismos privados, debido a problemas de informacion incomepleta. En todos las casos, las funciones principales de la accion publica se centran en asegurar el necesario marco institucional que permita una difusion de informacion a coste nulo para los agentes. Futuras investigaciones deberian incidir en campos como el desarrollo de nuevas formas de recogida, validacion y difusion de informacion, junto a una revision profunda de las instituciones encargadas de velar sobre la Propiedad Intelectual, la mayor integracion de los mercados de seguros y mercados financieros o la definicion de un marco institucional para la comercializacion de productos financieros y su tratamiento fiscal...This article takes stock of the major issues touched by the recent debated on risk and crisis management in agriculture. The objective of the discussion presented is to highlight the likely directions that policies might take on in the near future and to propose a few reflections on possible alternative perspectives that may prove useful in informing the policy making process in the near future. The article starts by exploring possible answers to a number of relevant questions such as: Is overall farm income risk really increased in the recent past, especially following the process of policy reforms in many developed countries? What are the objectives of risk related policy in agriculture? Efficiency, equity or both? Then, a new perspective on risk management policies as a form of ex-ante solidarity is presented, and the role that financial instruments might play in allowing efficient risk transactions is explored, together with the potential roles for public action. The major conclusions are that a clear distinction should be made between normal enterprise risk and exceptional events potentially conducive to crises. While the former can and should already be efficiently managed by fully private actions, the latter would require an active public intervention in overcoming the likely failure of private mechanisms due to informational incompleteness. In all cases, major roles for public action are found in the provision of the institutional framework needed to allow for costless information transfer. The development of new mechanisms for information, collection, validation and diffusion, a deep revision of the existing Intellectual Property (IP) institutions, further integration of insurance and financial markets, definition of the appropriate institutional setting for marketing and taxing financial products, are all identified as potentially useful fields for further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Cafiero, Carlo, 2009. "Perspectivas para las politicas de gestion de riesgos y crisis en la agricultura de la Union Europea," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 221, pages 1-32.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:168565
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.168565
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