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Relación Entre La Producción Agrícola Y Marginación A Nivel Municipal Para El Estado De Veracruz, Mexico

Author

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  • Romero, Sorelly Ramírez
  • Rodríguez, Angélica Figueroa
  • Rosas, Francisco Hernández

Abstract

El desarrollo de los territorios considera los factores sociales, ambientales, económicos y globales, donde el desarrollo humano es un factor importante a diferencia de los estudios que sólo se centran en el análisis puramente económico. El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer la relación entre la producción agrícola (factor económico) y el índice de marginación (factor social). La investigación incluyó el análisis de las estadísticas agrícolas (superficie de producción, valor de la producción) e índice de marginación de 2005 y 2010 de los municipios rurales del estado de Veracruz. Se aplicó un análisis de correlación de Pearson y se encontró una correlación significativa entre el valor de la producción y el índice de marginación para los años analizados (r(188)=-0.352, p<0.001 y r(188)=-0.321, p<0.001), aunque la correlación fue negativa no fue significativa en ambos años para los municipios con cultivos anuales(r(188)=-0.101, p=0.166 y r(185)=-0.066, p=0.372), mientras que para los municipios con cultivos perenes si se logra obtener una correlación negativa y significativa en ambos años (r(177)=-0.362, p<0.001 y r(174)=-0.330, p<0.001). Se observó que los municipios con mayor superficie destinada a cultivos perennes se encuentran menos marginados que aquellos con cultivos anuales, en especial aquellos con producción de caña de azúcar y piña, salvo el caso del café que históricamente se ha producido en municipios de alta marginación(X2 = 48.82, gl= 4, p < 0.001).A nivel municipal los cambios en los componentes de marginación municipal de aquellos con orientación a la producción perenne se explican debido a mejoras en el porcentaje de la población que gana menos de dos salarios mínimos, sin embargo, estos cambios son menores si se comparan con las mejoras percibidas en los municipios urbanos. Por lo que se concluye que los sistemas de producción orientados a cultivos perennes, salvo el caso del café, permiten a los habitantes del medio rural mejorar sus niveles de vida al reducir su nivel de marginación. .....The development of rural territories is analyzed from social, environmental, economic and global factors, whereas the human development is an important factor instead of focusing only on the economic approach. The objective of the research was to establish the relationship between the agricultural production (economic factor) and marginalization (social factor). It was analyzed the agricultural statistics (production surface and value of the production) and the marginalization index for 2005 and 2010 of the rural municipalities of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. An analysis of Pearson correlation was carried out, and a significant and positive correlation between the value of the production and the marginalization index for the analyzed years was found (r(188)=-0.352, p<0.001;r(188)=-0.321, p<0.001), the same positive and significant correlation was found for perennial crops (r(177)=-0.362, p<0.001; r(174)=-0.330, p<0.001), whilst no significant correlation was found for annual crops (r(188)=-0.101, p=0.166;r(185)=-0.066, p=0.372). The municipalities with the largest surface with perennial crops where less marginalized than those with annual crops, especially for those with sugar cane and pineapple and exceptionally those with coffeewhich have been historically marginalized municipalities (X2 = 48.82, gl= 4, p < 0.001). The improvement of the marginalization indexes of those municipalities with perennial crops can be explained due to the reduction on the percentage of the population that earns less than two minimal wages, still, this improvement is of less impact than the one presented in the urban municipalities of the state. It can be concluded that the production systems oriented to perennial crops, besides the case of coffee, allow the inhabitants of the rural milieu to improve their levels of life as they reduce their level of marginalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Romero, Sorelly Ramírez & Rodríguez, Angélica Figueroa & Rosas, Francisco Hernández, 2013. "Relación Entre La Producción Agrícola Y Marginación A Nivel Municipal Para El Estado De Veracruz, Mexico," Revista Mexicana de Agronegocios, Sociedad Mexicana de Administracion Agropecuaria, vol. 33(July-Dece), pages 1-11.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:remeag:155129
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.155129
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    Agribusiness;

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